Diet Induced Intestinal Mucosal Adaptation

N/ACompletedNCT02088853

Göteborg University17 enrolled

Overview

Human beings are 'omnivores' meaning that all principal components of food (i.e. the macronutrients: carbohydrates, fat, proteins) can be assimilated by the gastrointestinal tract. When the gut mucosa is exposed to dietary changes it adjusts its functional behaviour. For example, a fatty diet demands certain digestive mechanisms, whereas others are needed to take care of a carbohydrate rich diet. Such dietary induced changes in appearance and functionality of the small intestinal mucosa have been described in animals but only little is known about it in man. The present project aims at elucidating in man if a 2 weeks diet dominated by either fat or carbohydrates, but with similar energy content, is associated with changes in the small intestinal mucosal appearance and metabolic signalling capacity.

Study Type

INTERVENTIONAL

Allocation

RANDOMIZED

Purpose

BASIC_SCIENCE

Masking

NONE

Enrollment

Conditions

Healthy Conditions

Interventions

Eligibility

Sex: ALLMin age: 18 YearsMax age: 65 YearsHealthy volunteers:

Medical Language ↔ Plain English

Inclusion Criteria: healthy volunteer not taking prescribed medications BMI ≤25 kg/m2 Exclusion Criteria: BMI ≥26 kg/m2 smoker previous or current gastrointestinal disease significant abdominal surgery pregnancy/breast feeding drug intolerance of importance (particularly opiates and midazolam used during endoscopy) history of drug addiction

Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

Mucosal Surface Enlargement

The enlargement of the luminal surface area is a morphometric factor, defined as the percentage of the mucosal surface (one dimension in arbitrary units) in relation to the relatively flat area of the muscular mucosae layer from the same histological cuts. Unit: % of the muscular mucosae.

Time frame: Appearance after 2 weeks of each diet

Secondary Outcomes

Glucose Induced Electrogenic Responses In-vitro

Jejunal mucosal biopsies are mounted as a sheet between two different (glucose-free) physiological solutions (in so called Ussing chambers). The electrogenic response to glucose will be measured as follows: Baseline ion-transporting capacity for the luminal to serosa side will be measured as the epithelial current (Iep) in the absence of glucose (unit; µA/cm2). Addition of 10mM glucose on the luminal side increases the ion-transporting capacity. This level will be divided with preceding baseline ion-transporting capacity and is presented as % change from the baseline secretion. The sensitivity of this response to phloridzin is given to confirm to what extent the glucose transporter SGLT1 is involved. Only the completed pairs (high fat diet versus high carbohydrate diet) will be analyzed.

Time frame: The condition after 2 weeks of each diet

Glycemic Control Following a Test Meal

Blood concentrations of glucose are assessed over 2 hours following a mixed test meal.