The VIABLE study sought to confirm the hypothesis that the combination of docetaxel with DCVAC/PCa followed by a maintenance therapy with DCVAC/PCa would improve overall survival in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.
This was a randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter, international, parallel-group phase III study. Patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer who were candidates to receive standard of care first-line chemotherapy with docetaxel plus prednisone were randomized 2:1 into one of two arms: an investigational arm (DCVAC/PCa) and a control arm (placebo) in addition to chemotherapy (docetaxel plus prednisone).
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
TRIPLE
Enrollment
1,182
DCVAC/PCa concurrently with docetaxel plus prednisone every 3 weeks (± 7 days). DCVAC/PCa was administered at least 7 days before or and at least 7 days after the nearest chemotherapy (days 8-15 of chemotherapy cycles). After discontinuation of chemotherapy for any reason, each following dose of DCVAC/PCa was given every 4 weeks (-7/+14 days) for up to a total of 15 doses.
Placebo concurrently with docetaxel plus prednisone every 3 weeks (± 7 days). Placebo was administered at least 7 days before or and at least 7 days after the nearest chemotherapy (days 8-15 of chemotherapy cycles). After discontinuation of chemotherapy for any reason, each following dose of placebo was given every 4 weeks (-7/+14 days) for up to a total of 15 doses.
Overall Survival, Intention-to-treat Population
Overall survival is defined as the time from randomization until death due to any cause.
Time frame: From randomization to death due to any cause, up to 58 months
Overall Survival, Per Protocol Population
Overall survival is defined as the time from randomization until death due to any cause.
Time frame: From randomization to death due to any cause, up to 58 months
Overall Survival, Intention-to-treat Population, Abiraterone as Prior Therapy
Overall survival is defined as the time from randomization until death due to any cause.
Time frame: From randomization to death due to any cause, up to 58 months
Overall Survival, Intention-to-treat Population, Enzalutamide as Prior Therapy
Overall survival is defined as the time from randomization until death due to any cause.
Time frame: From randomization to death due to any cause, up to 58 months
Overall Survival, Intention-to-treat Population, no Prior Abiraterone or Enzalutamide
Overall survival is defined as the time from randomization until death due to any cause.
Time frame: From randomization to death due to any cause, up to 58 months
Radiological Progression-free Survival, Intention-to-treat Population
Progressive disease on bone scans was defined as a minimum of two new lesions. Visceral and nodal disease was evaluated according to RECIST 1.1 with modifications as described in the Statistical Analysis Plan.
Time frame: Time from randomization to the date of the earliest objective evidence of either radiographic progression of bone lesions, radiographic progression of soft tissue lesions, or death due to any cause, up to 58 months
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Radiological Progression-free Survival, Per Protocol Population
Progressive disease on bone scans was defined as a minimum of two new lesions. Visceral and nodal disease was evaluated according to RECIST 1.1 with modifications as described in the Statistical Analysis Plan.
Time frame: Time from randomization to the date of the earliest objective evidence of either radiographic progression of bone lesions, radiographic progression of soft tissue lesions, or death due to any cause, up to 58 months
Time to PSA Progression, Intention-to-treat Population
The evidence of PSA progression is defined as: time from randomization to the date of PSA absolute increase ≥ 2 ng/mL and ≥ 25% above nadir or baseline values confirmed by a second consecutive value obtained at least 3 weeks later.
Time frame: Time from randomization to the date of objective evidence of PSA progression (PSA absolute increase ≥ 2 ng/mL and ≥ 25% above nadir or baseline values providing confirmation by a second consecutive value obtained at least 3 weeks later), up to 39 months
Time to PSA Progression, Per Protocol Population
The evidence of PSA progression is defined as: time from randomization to the date of PSA absolute increase ≥ 2 ng/mL and ≥ 25% above nadir or baseline values confirmed by a second consecutive value obtained at least 3 weeks later.
Time frame: Time from randomization to the date of objective evidence of PSA progression (PSA absolute increase ≥ 2 ng/mL and ≥ 25% above nadir or baseline values providing confirmation by a second consecutive value obtained at least 3 weeks later), up to 39 months
Time to First Skeletal-related Event, Intention-to-treat Population
Skeletal-related events included: * Radiation therapy to bone * Pathologic bone fracture * Spinal cord compression * Surgery to bone * Change in antineoplastic therapy to treat bone pain
Time frame: Time from randomization to the date of the first skeletal-related event, up to 58 months
Time to First Skeletal-related Event, Per Protocol Population
Skeletal-related events included: * Radiation therapy to bone * Pathologic bone fracture * Spinal cord compression * Surgery to bone * Change in antineoplastic therapy to treat bone pain
Time frame: Time from randomization to the date of the first skeletal-related event, up to 58 months
Time to Radiological Progression or Skeletal-related Event, Intention-to-treat Population
Progressive disease on bone scans defined as a minimum of two new lesions. Visceral and nodal disease was evaluated according to RECIST 1.1 with modifications as described in the Statistical Analysis Plan. Skeletal-related events included: * Radiation therapy to bone * Pathologic bone fracture * Spinal cord compression * Surgery to bone * Change in antineoplastic therapy to treat bone pain
Time frame: Time from randomization to the date of the first radiological progression or skeletal-related event, up to 58 months
Time to Radiological Progression or Skeletal-related Event, Per Protocol Population
Progressive disease on bone scans defined as a minimum of two new lesions. Visceral and nodal disease was evaluated according to RECIST 1.1 with modifications as described in the Statistical Analysis Plan. Skeletal-related events included: * Radiation therapy to bone * Pathologic bone fracture * Spinal cord compression * Surgery to bone * Change in antineoplastic therapy to treat bone pain
Time frame: Time from randomization to the date of the first radiological progression or skeletal-related event, up to 58 months
Proportion of Patients With Skeletal-related Events, Intention-to-treat Population
Progressive disease on bone scans defined as a minimum of two new lesions. Visceral and nodal disease was evaluated according to RECIST 1.1 with modifications as described in the Statistical Analysis Plan. Skeletal-related events included: * Radiation therapy to bone * Pathologic bone fracture * Spinal cord compression * Surgery to bone * Change in antineoplastic therapy to treat bone pain
Time frame: From randomization to the end of the study, up to 57 months
Proportion of Patients With Skeletal-related Events, Per Protocol Population
Progressive disease on bone scans defined as a minimum of two new lesions. Visceral and nodal disease was evaluated according to RECIST 1.1 with modifications as described in the Statistical Analysis Plan. Skeletal-related events included: * Radiation therapy to bone * Pathologic bone fracture * Spinal cord compression * Surgery to bone * Change in antineoplastic therapy to treat bone pain
Time frame: From randomization to the end of the study, up to 57 months