Preclinical studies provide strong support for the concept that fasting evokes resistance to multiple forms of stress. Fasting reduces plasma levels of growth factors and modulates intracellular nutrient sensing systems, thereby diverting energy from growth to maintenance. Accordingly, the currently available preclinical evidence suggests that short-term fasting protects normal cells against the perils of chemotherapy. In contrast, cancer cells are not protected, as a result of their self-sufficiency in growth signals. This phenomenon is termed Differential Stress Resistance (DSR). DSR reduces the severity of toxic side-effects of chemotherapy and interestingly, it simultaneously renders cancer cells more vulnerable to chemotherapeutics. Importantly, extensive preclinical evidence and preliminary clinical data indicate that a specifically designed very low calorie, low amino acid substitution diet ("Fasting Mimicking Diet, FMD") has effects on cancer therapy that are very similar to those of fasting. This study aims to evaluate the impact of the FMD on tolerance to and efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in women with stage II or III breast cancer.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
131
Leids Universitair Medisch Centrum
Leiden, South Holland, Netherlands
Medisch Centrum Alkmaar
Alkmaar, Netherlands
OLVG
Amsterdam, Netherlands
Alexander Monro hospital
Bilthoven, Netherlands
Amphia Hospital
Breda, Netherlands
Deventer Hospital
Deventer, Netherlands
Ziekenhuis Gelderse Valei
Ede, Netherlands
, Catharina ziekenhuis Hospital
Eindhoven, Netherlands
Kennemer gasthuis
Haarlem, Netherlands
Medisch Centrum Leeuwarden
Leeuwarden, Netherlands
...and 5 more locations
The percentage of patients with grade III/IV toxicity according to the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version (NCI CTCAE) v4.03.
Phase II
Time frame: 2 years
The percentage of pCR.
Phase III
Time frame: 4 years
Clinical response measured by MRI (RECIST1.1) after 4 cycles chemotherapy.
Time frame: 4 years
Grade I/II side effects of chemotherapy according to NCI CTCAE v4.03.
Time frame: 4 years
Metabolic (Glucose, insulin, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 (IGF-BP3), free thyroxin (FT4), triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)) and inflammatory response (CRP) to chemotherapy.
Time frame: 4 years
DNA damage, apoptosis, immunology and nutrient sensing system activity in the tumor.
Time frame: 5 years
Patient's quality of life (using EORTC QLQ-C30 and EORTC QLQ-BR23 questionnaires), burden of therapy noted by a visual analogue scale (VAS) (Distress Thermometer) and differences of Illness Perceptions (B-IPQ).
Time frame: 4 years
Long term efficacy of treatment (DFS, OS).
Time frame: 4years
Hormone receptor percentage, Ki67 and immunologic tumor profile and tumor/stroma ratio as predictive biomarker
Time frame: 4 years
SNPs used as biomarker to predict treatment outcome.
Time frame: 5 years
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