This protocol is for a series of comparative effectiveness and safety analyses within periodically updated cohorts of patients initiating linagliptin, other DPP-4 inhibitors, and other oral hypoglycemic medications, followed longitudinally for the occurrence of a variety of health outcomes. The primary analysis will be conducted among patients without prior within-class medication use.
Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Enrollment
189,426
Brigham and Women's Hospital
Boston, Massachusetts, United States
Number of Participants With Major Adverse Cardiovascular Event
Number of participants with major adverse cardiovascular event is presented by the number of patients reported a composite of: * Coronary revascularization (elective and non-elective procedure) * Acute coronary syndrome (ACS), including acute myocardial infarction (MI) * Stroke (Ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke)
Time frame: Up to 5 years and 7 months
Number of Participants With Coronary Revascularization
Number of participants with coronary revascularization (elective and non-elective procedure)
Time frame: Up to 5 years and 7 month
Number of Participants With Acute Coronary Syndrome
Number of participants with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). The definition for ACS included acute myocardial infarction (MI), but acute MI was not assessed separately.
Time frame: Up to 5 years and 7 months
Number of Participants With Stroke
Number of participants with ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke. Both types of stroke were included in the definition for stroke, but were not assessed separately
Time frame: Up to 5 years and 7 months
Number of Participants With Heart Failure Hospitalization
Number of participants with heart failure hospitalization
Time frame: Up to 5 years and 7 months
Number of Participants With Incident End Stage Renal Disease
Number of participants with incident end stage renal disease (ESRD)
Time frame: Up to 5 years and 7 months
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Number of Participants With Acute Renal Failure
Number of participants with acute renal failure
Time frame: Up to 5 years and 7 months
Number of Participants With Acute Renal Failure Requiring Dialysis
Number of patients with acute renal failure requiring dialysis
Time frame: Up to 5 years and 7 months