Physical inactivity is a health problem that affects people worldwide and has been identified as the fourth largest risk factor for overall mortality (contributing to 6% of deaths globally). Many researchers have tried to increase physical activity (PA) levels through traditional methods without much success. Thus, many researchers are turning to mobile technology as an emerging method for changing health behaviours.The study consists of a physical activity intervention through a mobile application in elderly. The study is a 3x2 model, in which the sample is distributed in three study groups (over 53 years) and were evaluated at 10 weeks from baseline.
Objectives of the study: * Evaluate effectiveness of a physical exercise program for 10 weeks to improve fitness, cardiovascular, anthropometric and body composition parameters in people over 53 years. * Examine effects of exercise intervention delivered through a mobile application (WhatsApp) on fitness, cardiovascular risk factors, anthropometric and body composition in people over 53 years. Hypotheses of the study: * An intervention of exercise administered via mobile application (WhatsApp) is effective in reducing cardiovascular risk factors in people over 53 years. * An intervention of exercise administered via mobile application (WhatsApp) is effective to increase physical fitness in people over 53 years. * An intervention of exercise administered via mobile application (WhatsApp) is effective in reducing BMI, percent body fat; and in increasing the percentage of muscle mass in people over 53 years. * 10-weeks face-to-face intervention of physical exercise obtains greater improvements in fitness parameters than an intervention delivered via mobile application in people over 53 years. * 10-weeks face-to-face intervention of physical exercise obtains greater improvements in anthropometric and body composition than an intervention delivered via mobile application in people over 53 years.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
NON_RANDOMIZED
Purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
SINGLE
Enrollment
48
The main part of the session included a whole-body strength training, which incorporated chest press, shoulder press, lateral pull-down, seated row, shoulder flexion, chest pulley, hammer curl, biceps curl, triceps curl, triceps pushdown, leg extension, leg curl, lunge, squat, abdominal crunch. To control and equate the intensity between the TG and MG, a method based on the combined use of the prescribed number of repetitions and the OMNI Resistance Scale for the active muscles was used. Previous studies have described the method used for controlling exercise intensity (Colado et al., 2012; Colado et al., 2014). During 1-3 weeks subjects performed 25 min of exercise at 60% maximum heart rate (HRmax), during weeks 4-6 subjects performed 30 min of exercise at 70% HRmax and during weeks 7-10 subjects performed 35 min of exercise at 80% HRmax.
The subjects in this group received the same intervention that trainning group but through a mobile application (whatsapp).
No received intervention.
Josep Vidal Conti
Majorca, Balearic Islands, Spain
Change from Baseline in Maximum hand grip strength (dynamometry)
The manual pressure force was measured with a digital force gauge (TKK 5001 Grip-A; Takey, Tokyo, Japan) and the results are recorded in kilograms
Time frame: Change from Baseline in Maximum hand grip strength (dynamometry) at 10 weeks
Change from Baseline in Aerobic capacity
Aerobic capacity was measured using 2-Minute Step Test.
Time frame: Change from Baseline in Aerobic capacity at 10 weeks
Change from Baseline in Static Balance
Static balance measurement was conducted using the Flamingo test (Committee of Experts on Sport Research, 1988).
Time frame: Change from Baseline in Static Balance at 10 weeks
Change from Baseline in Waist circumference
Time frame: Change from Baseline in Waist circumference at 10 weeks
Change from Baseline in Body fat
Body fat was measured using Bioimpedance scale (Tanita Body Fat Monitor Scale plus, Model BF-556) is used
Time frame: Change from Baseline in Body fat at 10 weeks
Change from Baseline in Muscle mass
Muscle mass was measured using Bioimpedance scale (Tanita Body Fat Monitor Scale plus, Model BF-556) is used
Time frame: Change from Baseline in Muscle mass at 10 weeks
Change from Baseline in Physical activity levels
To measure levels of physical activity of the participants used the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) (Craig et al., 2003)
Time frame: Change from Baseline in Physical activity levels at 10 weeks
Change from Baseline in Height
The height was measured as close to the millimeter using the mobile rod (Seca 217).
Time frame: Change from Baseline in Height at 10 weeks
Change from Baseline in Weight
The weight was measured using bioelectrical impedance scales (Tanita Body Fat Monitor Scale plus, Model BF-556).
Time frame: Change from Baseline in Weight at 10 weeks
Change from Baseline in Systolic Blood Pressure
The Systolic Blood Pressure was measured using Omron Elite 7300W (Omron Healthcare Inc, Bannockburn, IL, USA)
Time frame: Change from Baseline in Systolic Blood Pressure at 10 weeks
Change from Baseline in Dyastolic Blood Pressure
The Dyastolic Blood Pressure was measured using Omron Elite 7300W (Omron Healthcare Inc, Bannockburn, IL, USA)
Time frame: Change from Baseline in Dyastolic Blood Pressure at 10 weeks
This platform is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional.