This randomized, open-label study evaluated the safety and efficacy of atezolizumab (an engineered anti-programmed death-ligand 1 \[PD-L1\] antibody) in combination with carboplatin+paclitaxel with or without bevacizumab compared with treatment with carboplatin+paclitaxel+bevacizumab in chemotherapy-naïve participants with Stage IV non-squamous NSCLC. Participants were randomized in a 1:1:1 ratio to Arm A (Atezolizumab+Carboplatin+Paclitaxel), Arm B (Atezolizumab+Carboplatin+Paclitaxel+Bevacizumab), or Arm C (Carboplatin+Paclitaxel+Bevacizumab).
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
1,202
Atezolizumab was administered as IV infusion at a dose of 1200 milligrams (mg) on Day 1 of each 21-day cycle until loss of clinical benefit.
Bevacizumab was administered as IV infusion at a dose of 15 milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg) on Day 1 of each 21-day cycle until progressive disease, unacceptable toxicity, or death.
Carboplatin was administered at area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) 6 milligrams per milliliter per minute (mg/mL/min) on Day 1 of each 21-day cycle for 4 or 6 cycles or until loss of clinical benefit whichever occurs first.
Paclitaxel was administered as IV infusion at a dose of 200 milligrams per square meter (mg/m\^2) on Day 1 of each 21-day cycle for 4 or 6 cycles or until loss of clinical benefit whichever occurs first.
Ironwood Cancer & Research Centers
Chandler, Arizona, United States
Arizona Oncology Associates
Flagstaff, Arizona, United States
Southern CA Permanente Med Grp
Bellflower, California, United States
Marin Cancer Care Inc
Greenbrae, California, United States
Scripps Health
La Jolla, California, United States
Progression Free Survival (PFS), as Determined by the Investigator in Arm B Versus Arm C in the Teff-high WT Population and ITT-WT Population
Progression Free Survival (PFS), as Determined by the Investigator using Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors Version 1.1 (RECIST 1.1) in Arm B versus Arm C in the T-effector (Teff)-high wild type (WT) population and the intent-to-treat (ITT)-WT population.
Time frame: Baseline until disease progression or death, whichever occurs first until data cut-off on 15 September 2017 (up to approximately 29 months)
Overall Survival (OS) in Arm B Versus Arm C in ITT-WT Population
Overall Survival (OS) in Arm B Versus Arm C in ITT-WT Population
Time frame: Baseline until death until data cut-off on 22 January 2018 (up to approximately 34 months)
Overall Survival (OS) in Arm A Versus Arm C in ITT-WT Population
Overall Survival (OS) in Arm A Versus Arm C in ITT-WT Population
Time frame: Baseline until death (up approximately 53 months)
PFS, as Determined by the Independent Review Facility (IRF) in Arm B Versus Arm C in Teff-High-WT Population and ITT-WT Population
PFS, as determined by the independent review facility (IRF) Using RECIST v1.1 in Arm B versus Arm C in the T-effector (Teff)-high wild type (WT) population and the intent-to-treat (ITT)-WT population.
Time frame: Baseline until disease progression or death, whichever occurs first (up to approximately 29 months)
PFS, as Determined by the Investigator in Arm B Versus Arm C in Teff High Population and ITT Population
PFS, as determined by the investigator according to RECIST v1.1, in Arm B versus C in the Teff high population and ITT population.
Time frame: Baseline until disease progression or death, whichever occurs first (up to approximately 29 months)
PFS, as Determined by the Investigator in Arm A Versus Arm B in Teff High-WT Population and ITT-WT Population
PFS, as determined by the investigator according to RECIST v1.1, in Arm A versus B in the Teff high-WT population and ITT-WT population.
Time frame: Baseline until disease progression or death, whichever occurs first (up to approximately 29 months)
PFS, as Determined by the Investigator in Arm B Versus Arm C by PD-L1 Subgroup
PFS as Determined by the Investigator according to RECIST v1.1, in Arm B Versus Arm C by PD-L1 Subgroup: TC2/3 or 1C2/3 and TC1/2/3 or IC1/2/3 (ITT-WT Population)
Time frame: Baseline until disease progression or death, whichever occurs first (up to approximately 29 months)
OS in Arm B Versus Arm C by PD-L1 Subgroup
OS in Arm B Versus Arm C by PD-L1 Subgroup: TC2/3 or 1C2/3 and TC1/2/3 or IC1/2/3 (ITT-WT Population)
Time frame: Baseline until death (up to approximately 34 months)
OS in Arm A Versus Arm C by PD-L1 Subgroup
OS in Arm A Versus Arm C by PD-L1 Subgroup: TC2/3 or 1C2/3 and TC1/2/3 or IC1/2/3 (ITT-WT Population)
Time frame: Baseline until death (up approximately 53 months)
OS in Arm B Versus Arm C in Teff High-WT Population, Teff High Population, and ITT Population
Time frame: Baseline until death (up to approximately 34 months)
OS in Arm A Versus Arm C in Teff High-WT Population, Teff High Population, and ITT Population
Time frame: Baseline until death (up approximately 53 months)
OS in Arm A Versus Arm B in Teff High-WT Population and ITT-WT Population
Time frame: Baseline until death (up approximately 53 months)
Duration of Response (DOR), as Determined By Investigator in Arm B Versus Arm C
DOR, as determined by investigator according to RECIST v1.1 in Arm B versus Arm C in the Teff high-WT population and the ITT-WT population.
Time frame: Baseline until disease progression or death, whichever occurs first (up to approximately 29 months)
Percentage of Participants With an Objective Response (OR) (Complete Response [CR] or Partial Response [PR]) as Determined by the Investigator in the Teff-High-WT Population and ITT-WT Population
Percentage of Participants With an Objective Response (OR) (Complete Response \[CR\] or Partial Response \[PR\]) as Determined by the Investigator using RECIST v1.1 in the Teff-High-WT population and ITT-WT population.
Time frame: Baseline until disease progression or death, whichever occurs first (up to approximately 29 months)
OS Rates at Years 1 and 2 in Arm B Versus Arm C
OS at 1- and 2-year landmark timepoints in Teff-high WT population and ITT-WT population.
Time frame: Baseline to 2 years or death, whichever occurs first.
OS Rates at Years 1 and 2 in Arm A Versus Arm C
OS at 1- and 2-year landmark timepoints in Teff-high WT population and ITT-WT population.
Time frame: Baseline to 2 years or death, whichever occurs first.
Time to Deterioration (TTD) in Patient-Reported Lung Cancer Symptoms Determined by European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Quality-of-Life Questionnaire-Core 30 (QLQ-C30) Score
EORTC QLQ-C30 is a validated \& reliable self-report measure (Aaronson et al.1993;Fitzsimmons et al.1999) that consists of 30 questions that assess 5 aspects of patient functioning (physical,emotional,role, cognitive,and social), 3 symptom scales (fatigue,nausea \& vomiting, pain),global health/quality of life,and six single items (dyspnea,insomnia, appetite loss,constipation,diarrhea, and financial difficulties). EORTC QLQ-C30 is scored according to the EORTC scoring manual (Fayers et al. 2001). All EORTC scales and single-item measures are linearly transformed so that each score has a range of 0-100. A high score for a functional/global health status scale represents a high or healthy level of functioning/HRQoL (Health-Related Quality of Life);however a high score for a symptom scale or item represents a high level of symptomatology or problems. A ≥10-point change in the symptoms subscale score is perceived by patients as clinically significant (Osoba et al.1998).
Time frame: Baseline up to approximately 29 months
TTD in Patient-Reported Lung Cancer Symptoms as Determined by EORTC Quality-of-Life Questionnaire-Core Lung Cancer Module 13 (QLQ-LC13) Score
QLQ-LC13 Quality-of-Life Questionnaire Lung Cancer Module incorporates one multiple-item scale to assess dyspnea and a series of single items assessing pain, coughing, sore mouth, dysphagia, peripheral neuropathy, alopecia, and hemoptysis. The EORTC QLQ-LC13 is scored according to the EORTC scoring manual (Fayers et al. 2001). All EORTC scales and single-item measures are linearly transformed so that each score has a range of 0-100. A high score for a functional/global health status scale represents a high or healthy level of functioning/HRQoL (Health-Related Quality of Life); however, a high score for a symptom scale or item represents a high level of symptomatology or problems. A ≥10-point change in the symptoms subscale score is perceived by patients as clinically significant (Osoba et al. 1998).
Time frame: Baseline up to approximately 29 months
Change From Baseline in Patient-Reported Lung Cancer Symptoms Score Using the Symptoms in Lung Cancer (SILC) Scale
The SILC (Symptoms in Lung Cancer) scale was used to assess patient-reported severity of lung cancer symptoms (chest pain, dyspnea, and cough). The SILC scale is a 9-item content validated self-report measure of lung cancer symptoms. It measures severity of cough, dyspnea, and chest pain with a symptom severity score. The SILC questionnaire comprises three individual symptoms (dyspnea, cough, chest pain) and are scored at the individual symptom level, thus have a dyspnea score, chest pain score, and cough score. Each individual symptom score is calculated as the average of responses for the symptom items \[e.g. Chest Pain Score=mean (item 1; item 2)\]. An increase in score is suggestive of a worsening in symptomology (i.e. frequency or severity). A score change of ≥0.3 points for the dyspnea and cough symptom scores is considered to be clinically significant; whereas a score change of ≥0.5 points for the chest pain score is considered to be clinically significant.
Time frame: Baseline up to approximately 29 months
Percentage of Participants With Adverse Events
Percentage of participants with at least one adverse event.
Time frame: Baseline up to data cutoff date 7 December 2020 (up to approximately 68 months)
Percentage of Participants With Anti-Therapeutic Antibodies (ATAs) to Atezolizumab
Time frame: Baseline up to approximately 29 months
Maximum Observed Serum Concentration (Cmax) of Atezolizumab in Arm A and Arm B
The predose samples will be collected on the same day of treatment administration. The infusion duration of atezolizumab will be of 30-60 minutes.
Time frame: Day 1 of Cycle 1 and 3 (Cycle length=21 days)
Minimum Observed Serum Concentration (Cmin) of Atezolizumab Prior to Infusion in Arm A and Arm B
Time frame: Day 21 of Cycles 1, 2 3, and 7 (Cycle length=21 days)
Plasma Concentrations for Carboplatin in Arm A, Arm B, and Arm C
Time frame: Predose (same day of treatment administration), 5-10 minutes before end of carboplatin infusion, 1 h after carboplatin infusion (infusion duration=15 to 30 minutes) on D1 of Cy1,3 (Cycle length=21 days)
Plasma Concentrations for Paclitaxel in Arm A, Arm B, and Arm C
Time frame: Predose (same day of treatment administration), 5-10 minutes before end of paclitaxel infusion, 1 h after paclitaxel infusion (infusion duration=3 h) on D1 of Cy1,3 (Cycle length=21 days)
Cmax of Bevacizumab in Arm B and Arm C
Time frame: Cycle 1 Day 1 and Cycle 3 Day 1 (Cycle length=21 days)
Cmin of Bevacizumab in Arm B and Arm C
Time frame: Cycle 1 Day 1 and Cycle 2 Day 21 (Cycle length=21 days)
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Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center UCI
Orange, California, United States
Rocky Mountain Cancer Center
Denver, Colorado, United States
Kaiser Permanente
Lonetree, Colorado, United States
Danbury Hospital
Danbury, Connecticut, United States
Yale Cancer Center
New Haven, Connecticut, United States
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