Deep Brain Stimulation in Treatment Resistant Schizophrenia

Inclusion Criteria: 1. Male or female aged between 18 and 55 years. 2. DSM IV-TR diagnosis of schizophrenia for at least 3 years prior to the screening visit. 3. Determined to be treatment-resistant as demonstrated by: 1. Persistence of positive symptoms which have not responded to appropriate treatments for at least 2 years. 2. Inadequate response from adequate trials of two different classes of antipsychotic drugs (not including clozapine), at least 8 weeks. 3. Inadequate response from adequate trial of clozapine, at least 3 months, or unable to tolerate clozapine because of intolerable side effects. 4. ECT is contraindicated or have failed to produce a maintained response. 4. Persistence of positive symptoms defined as i) requiring a score of 4 (mild) or more on at least 2 of the next PANSS items: delusions, hallucinatory behavior, suspiciousness and unusual thought content; or as ii) requiring a score of 6 (severe) or more on at least 1 of the above PANSS items. 5. Current CGI score 6 or more 6. Stable antipsychotic treatment for last 2 months. 7. Women of childbearing age using medically approved contraceptive methods. 8. Adequate familiar or social support during all study procedures. Exclusion Criteria: 1. MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) contraindication to stimulation or contraindications for MRI 2. History of epilepsy or clozapine-induced seizures, where use of anticonvulsants was needed 3. Current suicidal ideation, plan or intent for self-harm during last 2 months. 4. Evidence of global cognitive impairment. 5. Current acute, serious or unstable illnesses. 6. History of substance abuse (other than tobacco or caffeine). 7. Comorbid axis I or II DSM IV-TR disorders. 8. Female patients who are pregnant or breastfeeding.