The overall aim is to provide a detailed description of growth, development and risk factors for later disease, especially obesity and metabolic disease in infants born by obese mothers and to compare them with a group of infants born by mothers without any restriction in prepregnancy BMI (SKOT I).
The SKOT II is a prospective cohort study that includes children of obese mothers with a body mass index over 30 kg/m2. These mothers were invited to SKOT II while participating in a randomised study at Hvidovre Hospital, Copenhagen. The families were invited to three examinations, when the children were 9, 18 and 36 months of age. A total of 184 children were included in 2010. The examinations and the collecting of data are designed in the same way as SKOT I, a study of healthy children born by non-obese mother. The examinations takes place at Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Frederiksberg, Denmark. Following data were collected during the examinations: Anthropometry (weight, height, age- and sex specific Z scores for body composition, triceps- and subscapularis skinfolds), background interview (e.g. infant feeding, household income, the parent's educational level, allergy and chronic diseases), blood pressure (systolic, diastolic and mean arterial pressure), faeces- and urine samples, blood samples (at 9 and 36 months of age), bio impedance (at 36 months of age), 4 day diet registration, general questionnaire (e.g. sleep, daycare, attendance and use of screen devices), psychomotor questionnaire (motoric development) and 7 day physical activity monitoring (at 36 months of age).
Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Enrollment
184
Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Sciences, University of Copenhagen
Frederiksberg, Denmark
Change in anthropometric measurements in periods of early childhood
Composite outcome consisting of body weight, height, body mass index (BMI) and BMI z-scores, waist-, upper arm- and head circumference, skinfold thickness measured at subscapularis and triceps. Compare the changes with those observed in SKOT-I (NCT02170428)
Time frame: 9, 18 and 36 months of age
Body composition in early childhood
Body composition is measures by bio impedance. Fat mass, fat mass index (kg/m2), fat free mass index (kg/m2) are calculated. Compare the measurements with those observed in SKOT-I (NCT02170428)
Time frame: 36 months of age
Markers of Metabolic syndrome in early life
Markers consisting of triglycerides, high lipoprotein (HDL) and glucose measured in plasma/serum, waist circumference and blood pressure. Compare the measurements with those observed in SKOT-I (NCT02170428)
Time frame: 9 and 36 months of age
Diet in periods of early life
The diet is recorded using self-reported record questionnaire (7 days at 9 and 18 month, 4 days at 36 month). Compare diet with the SKOT-I cohort (NCT02170428)
Time frame: 9, 18 and 36 months of age
Breastfeeding duration in infancy and early childhood
Questionnaire used for assessment of exclusive and partially breastfeeding. Compare the duration with SKOT-I cohort (NCT02170428)
Time frame: 9, 18 and 36 months of age
Insulin like growth factor at 9 and 36 months of age
Insulin like growth factor-1 and insulin like growth factor binding protein-3 concentrations in plasma. Compare the measurements with those observed in SKOT-I (NCT02170428)
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Time frame: 9 and 36 months of age
Physical activity, sedentary behavior and sleep in early childhood
Physical activity and sedentary behavior measured by ActiGrafph GT3X accelerometer, recording for 24 hours in 7 days at 36 months of age. Information on outdoor activity, sedentary behavior and night sleep are collected through questionnaires at 9, 18 and 36. months of age. Compare the measurements with those observed in SKOT-I (NCT02170428)
Time frame: 9, 18 and 36 months of age
Vitamin D status in infancy
25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations are analysed in blood samples at 9 months of age. Compare the measurements with those observed in SKOT-I (NCT02170428)
Time frame: 9 and 36 months of age
Allergy and chronic diseases
Assessment of diseases by questionnaires. Compare frequencies with those observed in SKOT-I (NCT02170428)
Time frame: 9 and 36 months of age
Appetite hormones in infancy
Leptin and adiponectin concentrations measured from blood samples. Compare the measurements with those observed in SKOT-I (NCT02170428)
Time frame: 9 and 36 months of age
Change in gut microbiota
Microbiota in the faeces analysed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Compare findings with SKOT-I (NCT02170428)
Time frame: : 9, 18 and 36 months of age
Achievement of milestones
Achievement of age-specific milestones by questionnaires; WHO questionnaires at 9 and 36 months of age and Ages \& Stages Questionnaires (ASQ) at 36 months of age. Compare findings with SKOT-I (NCT02170428)
Time frame: 9 and 36 months of age
Metabolomics in the urine
Metabolomics analysed using urine samples. Compare findings with SKOT-I (NCT02170428)
Time frame: 9, 18 and 36 months of age