Household Air Pollution and Pregnancy Outcome

University of Chicago307 enrolled

Overview

Exposure to Household air pollution (HAP) from burning biomass fuels is responsible for an estimated 2.5 million premature deaths and 3.7% of the loss of disability-adjusted life years (DALY) every year in developing countries.52-54 Of all environmental risks, such as unsafe water, poor sanitation, climate change and lead exposure, HAP accounts for the most mortality and DALY.55 Despite the magnitude of the problems associated with HAP, research on its health effects has been hindered by lack of accurate data on exposure and health outcomes. There are few studies available that report HAP exposures and development of adverse pregnancy outcomes from households using biomass fuels.

Study Type

INTERVENTIONAL

Allocation

RANDOMIZED

Purpose

PREVENTION

Masking

NONE

Enrollment

307

Conditions

Pregnancy

Interventions

Clean CookstoveOTHER

Ethanol

Traditional CookstoveOTHER

Firewood / Kerosene

Eligibility

Sex: FEMALEMax age: 35 Years

Medical Language ↔ Plain English

Inclusion Criteria: * Pregnant women who present to the hospital * Who cook exclusively with either kerosene or firewood * Before the fourteenth week of pregnancy as determined by ultrasound imaging Exclusion Criteria: * Smoking women or women with smoking family members * Women with a high-risk pregnancy defined as: * Women with uncontrolled hypertension * Women greater than 35 years old carrying their first child * Women having triplets or more * Women who have had a previous C-section * Women carrying babies with fetal abnormalities or as determined by the obstetrician.

Locations (1)

College of Medicine. University of lbadan, Ibadan

Ibadan, Nigeria

Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes

(first trimester miscarriages, intrauterine growth retardation, low birth weight (300gm less weight in controls relative to intervention group, premature deliveries (deliveries before 37 weeks of pregnancy) and still births.

Time frame: At birth

Secondary Outcomes

Reduction in personal exposure to PM2.5, CO and PAH

Reduction in personal exposure to PM2.5, CO and PAH in the Ethanol intervention group relative to the control (kerosene/firewood) group

Time frame: At birth

Data from ClinicalTrials.gov

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