The hypoglycemic effect of Momordica Charantia has been evaluated in clinical trials in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Important reductions in fasting plasma glucose, glycated hemoglobin (A1C), and fructosamine were observed. It is unknown whether this improvement is due to an improvement in insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of the administration of Momordica Charantia on insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
A randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled clinical trial is carried out in 24 patients with diagnosis of diabetes mellitus type 2 according to the criteria of the American Diabetes Association. Patients are assigned to two different arms: one group receives Momordica Charantia, 2 capsules with 500 mg twice daily before breakfast and dinner for 90 days or placebo, under the same scheme of treatment. An oral glucose tolerance test is performed before and after the intervention. Matsuda index, Stumvoll index and Insulinogenic index are calculated to assess insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion. Other clinical and laboratory parameters that are evaluated include: Body weight, body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure, body fat percentage, fasting plasma glucose, A1C, creatinine, lipid profile and liver transaminases.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
DOUBLE
Enrollment
24
Momordica Charantia: 2000 mg per day for three months
Placebo: 2000 mg per day for three months
Institute of Experimental and Clinical Therapeutics (INTEC), CUCS, University of Guadalajara
Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
Total and First Phase of Insulin Secretion (Insulinogenic Index and Stumvoll Index) After 90 Days
Total insulin secretion and first phase of insulin secretion were estimated at baseline and after 90 days using the insulinogenic index (ΔABC insulin / ΔABC glucose) and the Stumvoll index (1283+ 1.829 x insulin 30' - 138.7 x glucose 30' + 3.772 x insulin 0'), respectively
Time frame: 90 days
Insulin Sensitivity (Matsuda Index) After 90 Days
Insulin sensitivity was calculated at baseline and after 90 days with Matsuda index \[10,000 / √glucose 0' x insulin 0') (mean glucose oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) x mean insulin OGTT)\]
Time frame: 90 days
Fasting Serum Glucose (FSG) After 90 Days
The glucose oxidase technique (Beckman Instruments, Inc., Brea, CA, USA) was used to determine fasting serum glucose at baseline and after 90 days with an intra- and interassay coefficient of variation of\<1
Time frame: 90 days
A1C After 90 Days
A liquid chromatography method was used to evaluate A1C at baseline and after 90 days (Bio-Rad Laboratories, Hercules, CA, USA) with an intra and inter assay coefficient of variation of 0.4% and 1.6%, respectively
Time frame: 90 days
Total Cholesterol After 90 Days
The blood sample for the determination of total cholesterol was taken after an overnight fast and was evaluated at baseline and after 90 days by spectrophotometry method
Time frame: 90 days
Triglycerides After 90 Days
The blood sample for the determination of triglycerides was taken after an overnight fast and was evaluated at baseline and after 90 days by spectrophotometry method
Time frame: 90 days
High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-c) After 90 Days
The blood sample for the determination of high density lipoprotein cholesterol was taken after an overnight fast and was evaluated at baseline and after 90 days by spectrophotometry method
Time frame: 90 days
Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-c) After 90 Days
The blood sample for the determination of low density lipoprotein cholesterol was taken after an overnight fast and was evaluated at baseline and after 90 days by spectrophotometry method
Time frame: 90 days
Very Low Density Lipoprotein After 90 Days
The blood sample for the determination of VLDL was taken after an overnight fast and was calculated at baseline and after 90 days as triglycerides/5
Time frame: 90 days
Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) After 90 Days
The blood sample for the determination of ALT was taken after an overnight fast and was evaluated at baseline and after 90 days by spectrophotometry method
Time frame: 90 days
Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) After 90 Days
The blood sample for the determination of AST was taken after an overnight fast and was evaluated at baseline and after 90 days by spectrophotometry method
Time frame: 90 days
Creatinine After 90 Days
The blood sample for the determination of creatinine was taken after an overnight fast and was evaluated at baseline and after 90 days by spectrophotometry method
Time frame: 90 days
Systolic Blood Pressure After 90 Days
The systolic blood pressure was evaluated at baseline and after 90 days with a digital sphygmomanometer with the subject sited down on a chair after a resting period of 5 minutes on three occasions. The mean of the three measures was considered as the value of SBP. The value was expressed on mmHg
Time frame: 90 days
Diastolic Blood Pressure After 90 Days
The diastolic blood pressure was evaluated at baseline and after 90 days with a digital sphygmomanometer with the subject sited down on a chair after a resting period of 5 minutes on three occasions. The mean of the three measures was considered as the value of DBP. The value was expressed on mmHg
Time frame: 90 days
Body Weight (BW) After 90 Days
The body weight was evaluated at baseline and after 90 days after an overnight fast, through a bioimpedance digital scale results are reported in kilograms with a decimal.
Time frame: 90 days
Body Mass Index (BMI) After 90 Days
The BMI was calculated at baseline and after 90 days by the square of the body height, and is universally expressed in units of kg/m\^2, resulting from mass in kilograms and height in metres
Time frame: 90 days
Fat Mass After 90 Days
Fat mass was measured at baseline and after 90 days with an electric bioimpedance scale (Model TBF-300 A; Tanita Corporation of America Inc., Arlington Heights, IL)
Time frame: 90 days
Waist Circumference (WC) After 90 Days
The waist circumference was evaluated at baseline and after 90 days after an overnight fast with a flexible tape in the midpoint between the lowest rib and the iliac crest and is expressed in centimeters
Time frame: 90 days
2-h Serum Glucose After 90 Days
The glucose oxidase technique (Beckman Instruments, Inc., Brea, CA, USA) was used to determine serum glucose at baseline and after 90 days with an intra- and interassay coefficient of variation of\<1%
Time frame: 90 days
AUC-glucose After 90 Days
The polygonal formula was used to calculate area under the curve (AUC) of glucose at baseline and after 90 days
Time frame: 90 days
AUC-insulin After 90 Days
The polygonal formula was used to calculate area under the curve (AUC) of insulin at baseline and after 90 days
Time frame: 90 days
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