Timing of Resective Surgery After Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy in Esophageal Cancer

Inclusion Criteria: * Histologically verified adenocarcinoma or SCC of the esophagus or GEJ Siewert type I and II. * Tumors should be resectable and without distant metastasis, as assessed after completed CRT. * Patients with performance status 0-1 according to the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) scale at the pre CRT evaluation and judges to be fit for surgery at the pre and post CRT evaluations. * Pre CRT tumor stage: T1N1-3M0, T2N0-3M0, T3N0-3,M0, T4aN0-3,M0 * Written informed consent * Completed at least 80% of the planned chemotherapy and at least 90% of the prescribed radiotherapy dose within the neoadjuvant CRT schedule according to protocol within a period of \<36 days. Exclusion Criteria: * Concomitant malignant diagnosis (excluding non-melanoma skin cancer) \<5 years since current cancer diagnosis. * Ongoing antitumoral treatment irrespective of time since diagnosis of earlier malignancy. * Patients being unable to comply with the protocol for reasons of language or cognitive function. * Tumor stage T1N0, T4bNX or TXNXM1. * Carcinoma of the upper third of the esophagus (i.e. cervical and uppermost thoracic) for simplicity here defined as upper border of tumor above 22 cm from incisors at endoscopy. * Clear radiological signs of tumor progression during CRT on CT-scan after completion of CRT. PET is not used in this decision as FDG-activity often increase due to radiotherapy induced inflammation.