This Phase 3 study was intended to demonstrate superiority of either Sotagliflozin high dose or low dose versus placebo on glycosylated hemoglobin A1C (A1C) reduction at Week 24 when used as an adjunct in adult participants with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) who have inadequate glycemic control with insulin therapy.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
QUADRUPLE
Enrollment
782
High dose Sotagliflozin, once daily, before the first meal of the day
Low dose Sotagliflozin,once daily, before the first meal of the day
Placebo, once daily, before the first meal of the day
Change From Baseline in A1C at Week 24
Baseline value was defined as the last value collected prior to the first dose of double-blind study medication. Least square (LS) means were obtained from a mixed-effects model for repeated measures (MMRM) that included fixed, categorical effects of treatment, randomization strata of insulin delivery method (MDI, CSII), randomization strata of Week -2 A1C (\<= 8.5%, \>8.5%), time (study week), a treatment-by-time interaction, and baseline A1C-by-time interaction as a covariate. A negative change from baseline (a reduction of A1C value at Week 24) indicates an improvement.
Time frame: Baseline to Week 24
Percentage of Participants With A1C <7.0% at Week 24 and no Episode of Severe Hypoglycemia, and no Episode of Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) From Baseline to Week 24
The composite endpoint included blood samples for the assessment of Hemoglobin A1C to determine the participants with a value \<7.0% and a central blinded adjudication process to determine whether participants experienced either DKA or severe hypoglycemia. Only positively adjudicated severe hypoglycemia and diabetic ketoacidosis were included in the analysis.
Time frame: Baseline to Week 24
Change From Baseline in Body Weight at Week 24
Baseline value was defined as the last value collected prior to the first dose of double-blind study medication. LS means were obtained from MMRM model. A negative change from baseline indicates a loss in body weight from baseline to Week 24.
Time frame: Baseline to Week 24
Change From Baseline in Mean Daily Bolus Insulin Dose at Week 24
The mean bolus insulin dose in international units/day (IU/day) for Week 24 was the average over the 3 to 5 days prior to the Week 24 visit. The Baseline value was defined as the last value collected prior to the first dose of double-blind study medication. LS means were obtained from MMRM model including all available post baseline values. A negative change from baseline indicated a reduction in the amount of bolus insulin used and a positive change from baseline indicated an increase in the amount of bolus insulin used between baseline and Week 24.
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Lexicon Investigational Site
Linz, Austria
Lexicon Investigational Site
Vienna, Austria
Lexicon Investigational Site
Vienna, Austria
Lexicon Investigational Site
Vienna, Austria
Lexicon Investigational Site
Vienna, Austria
Lexicon Investigational Site
Antwerp, Belgium
Lexicon Investigational Site
Brussels, Belgium
Lexicon Investigational Site
Edegem, Belgium
Lexicon Investigational Site
Leuven, Belgium
Lexicon Investigational Site
Sint-Niklaas, Belgium
...and 86 more locations
Time frame: Baseline to Week 24
Change From Baseline in Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG) at Week 24
The Baseline value was defined as the last value collected prior to the first dose of double-blind study medication. LS means were obtained from MMRM model including all available post baseline values. A negative change from baseline indicates a lower glucose level at Week 24 compared to baseline and a positive change from baseline indicates an increase in glucose level at Week 24 compared to baseline.
Time frame: Baseline to Week 24
Change From Baseline in Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire (DTSQ) Score at Week 24
The DTSQ instrument contains 8 items assessing overall treatment satisfaction, treatment convenience and flexibility, satisfaction with understanding of diabetes, willingness to continue present treatment and to recommend it to others, and frequency of unacceptably high and unacceptably low blood glucose levels. 6 items (1, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8) (excluding perceived hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia items) were scored using a 7- point scale where 0=very dissatisfied to 6= very satisfied for a total possible score of 0 (very dissatisfied) to 36 (very satisfied), where higher scores indicate higher satisfaction from treatment. Two items (Q2 and 3), which were not included, measured perceived hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia, respectively. The baseline value was defined as the last value collected prior to the first dose of double-blind study medication. LS means were obtained from MMRM model including all available post baseline values. A positive change from baseline indicates improvement.
Time frame: Baseline to Week 24
Change From Baseline in 2-Item Diabetes Distress Screen 2 (DDS2) Score at Week 24
DDS2 is a 2-item diabetes distress screening instrument where participants rated the degree to which the following items caused distress: (1) feeling overwhelmed by the demands of living with diabetes, and (2) feeling that I am often failing with my diabetes regimen using a 6-point scale: where 1=no distress to 6=severe distress for a total possible score of 2 to 12. LS means were obtained from MMRM model including all available post baseline values. A negative change from baseline indicates improvement.
Time frame: Baseline to Week 24
Percent Change From Baseline in Body Weight at Week 24
Baseline value was defined as the last value collected prior to the first dose of double-blind study medication. LS means were obtained from MMRM model. A negative percent change from baseline indicates a loss in body weight from baseline to Week 24.
Time frame: Baseline to Week 24