Arterolane-PQP Versus DHA-PQP in Uncomplicated Falciparum Malaria in Eastern Myanmar

Inclusion Criteria: * Male or female aged ≥ 18 year old * Symptomatic malaria infection, i.e. history of fever or presence of fever \>37.5°c (tympanic) within the last 24 hours. * Microscopic confirmation of asexual stages of P.falciparum (may be mixed with non-falciparum species) with a parasitaemia \>10,000 parasites/µL * Able to take oral medication * Willingness and ability of patients to comply with the study protocol for the duration of the study * Written informed consent given to participate in the trial Exclusion Criteria: * Pregnancy or lactation (urine test for β HCG to be performed on any woman of child bearing age 18 to 45 year old) * P.falciparum asexual stage parasitaemia greater than or equal to 4% red blood cells (175,000/µL). * Signs or symptoms indicative of severe malaria: * Impaired consciousness * Severe anaemia (Hct\<15%) * Bleeding disorder -evidenced by epistaxis, bleeding gums, frank haematuria, bleeding from venipuncture sites * Respiratory distress * Severe jaundice * Have taken a full course DHA-piperaquine, artemether-lumefantrin or other antimalarial treatment in the previous 42 days * Known hypersensitivity to artemisinins or to piperaquine - defined as history of erythroderma/other severe cutaneous reaction or angioedema * History of splenectomy * History of taking medicinal products that are known to prolong the QTc interval, including: * Antiarrhythmics (e.g. amiodarone, disopyramide, dofetilide, ibutilide, procainamide, quinidine, hydroquinidine, sotalol). * Neuroleptics (e.g. phenothiazines, sertindole, sultopride, chlorpromazine, haloperidol, mesoridazine, pimozide, or thioridazine), antidepressive agents. * Certain antimicrobial agents, including agents of the following classes: * macrolides (e.g. erythromycin, clarithromycin), * fluoroquinolones (e.g. moxifloxacin, sparfloxacin), * imidazole and triazole antifungal agent, * pentamidine and saquinavir. * The non-sedating antihistamines terfenadine, astemizole, mizolastine. * Other drugs: cisapride, droperidol, domperidone, bepridil, diphemanil, probucol, levomethadyl, methadone, vinca alkaloids, arsenic trioxide. * History of taking any drug which is known to be metabolised by the cytochrome enzyme CYP2D6 including flecainide, metoprol, imipramine, amitriptyline, clomipramine. * Family history of sudden unexplained death, or personal or family history of predisposing cardiac conditions for arrhythmia/QT prolongation (including congenital long QT syndrome, arrhythmia, QTc interval greater than 450 milliseconds with either Bazett or Fridericia correction).