Neoadjuvant Afatinib in Early Stage Non Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Inclusion Criteria: Histological or cytological diagnosis of NSCLC; * Patients considered operable and with resectable tumor with curative intent (anatomical resection and systematic lymph node dissection) based on evaluation by a thoracic multi-disciplinary team composed of at least a thoracic surgeon, oncologist and radiologist; * Stage I-III (T1a-3, N0-1, M0 according to UICC version 7) NSCLC by local staging criteria potentially treatable by radical (curative) surgery. Patients with T1 tumor at baseline will be limited to 20%; * Radiologically measurable disease according to RECIST criteria 1.1; assessed by chest and upper abdomen CT scan within 2 weeks (+1 week) prior to registration); brain CT scan or MRI according to local practice; * No prior treatment for NSCLC is allowed; * Adequate tissue in terms of quality and quantity for EGFR local testing. Exclusion Criteria: * no adequate bone marrow function within 2 weeks prior to randomization * no adequate liver function. Patients with Gilbert's syndrome total bilirubin must be below 4 times institutional upper limit of normal; within 2 weeks prior to randomization * no adequate renal function within 2 weeks prior to randomization * known positivity to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B or hepatitis C; * known history of allergic reactions attributed to compounds of similar chemical or biological composition; * history of a hematologic or primary solid tumor malignancy, unless no evidence of that disease for 5 years, except pT1-2 prostatic cancer Gleason score \< 6, superficial bladder cancer, non melanoma skin cancer or carcinoma in situ of the cervix;