The objective this research is to conduct a within-subject, experimental study that will describe mothers' feeding practices during typical bottle-feeding conditions and will examine whether removal of visual cues related to the amount of milk/formula in the bottle will alter these feeding practices. The investigators hypothesize that mothers will show higher levels of infant-directed feeding practices and lower levels of mother-directed feeding practices when using opaque, weighted bottles compared to when using standard, clear bottles. The investigators also hypothesize that infants will consume less breast milk or formula when fed from opaque, weighted bottles compared to when fed from standard, clear bottles.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
NA
Purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
48
This is the experimental condition; mothers will be asked to feed their infants from an opaque, weighted bottle.
This is the control condition; mothers will be asked to feed their infants from a clear, conventional bottle.
California Polytechnic State University
San Luis Obispo, California, United States
Infant intake
Infant intake within a feeding (mL) assessed by weighing the bottle before and after a feeding.
Time frame: 3-hour period
Maternal responsiveness
Maternal responsiveness to infant cues during a feeding assessed by Nursing Child Assessment Satellite Training Parent-Child Interaction Feeding Scale.
Time frame: 3-hour period
Maternal acceptance/perception of intervention
Maternal perception/acceptance of the bottles during a feeding assessed through a mixed methods interview.
Time frame: 3-hour period
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