Study on Pressure Values Measured on Three Alternative Sites of the Lower Limbs Compared to the Arm

Overview

Non-invasive measurement of blood pressure is an instrument governed nursing routine care. The use of an automated oscillometric cuff is a common technique and validated if this is done on the arm with a suitable cuff, positioned opposite the brachial artery and up to the right atrium (the brachial site) . If cons-indication to use the brachial site, measurements are frequently performed at the ankle, calf or thigh. Among the blood pressure values measured on the 3 sites of the lower limb (thigh, calf or ankle), it may be a specific property of which the observed values are closest to the reference values (brachial). The objective of this study is to measure the non-invasive blood pressure values at three sites of the lower limb, to compare the reference value to determine which alternative site should be preferred when the reference measurement is not feasible . We want to determine the alternative site to obtain values as close as the measured values of the reference site. The three study sites are the thigh, calf and ankle. The reference site recommended for monitoring non-invasive blood pressureis the arm. It is also assessing the impact of certain parameters on the primary endpoint: * Physiological parameters: gender, weight, height, age, systolic blood pressure reference, listed measures. * A parameter related to measurement: discomfort felt when the blood pressure outlet. * Exposure setting: smoking.

Primary Outcome: The difference in systolic blood pressure, diastolic and mean simultaneously measured in the arm and each of the three sites in the lower limb. Secondary endpoints: The difference in systolic blood pressure, diastolic and mean simultaneously measured in the arm and each of the three sites in the lower limb in the following subgroups: * Male / Female * BMI \<25 / BMI\> 25 * Size \< 160 cm / size \[160-169\] cm / size \[170-180\] cm / size \[181-190\] cm / size ≥ 191 cm * Age \<25 years / age ≥ 25 years * Systolic Blood Pressure value (SAP) the reference site \<100 mmHg / 100 mmHg and ≥ NOT value of the reference site \<140 mmHg / ≥ 140 mmHg * Visual Analog Scale of discomfort ≤ 4/10 /\> 4/10 * Hemibody studied Right / Left * Smoking / No Smoking Discomfort level depending on the measurement site of blood pressure in the general population. * Discomfort level for each measurement of blood pressure site in each of the following subgroups: * Male / Female - BMI \<25 / BMI\> 25 * size \<160 cm / size \[160-169\] cm / size \[170 -180\] cm / size \[181-190\] cm / size ≥ 191 cm - Age \<25 / age ≥ 25 years * blood pressure value (SAP) reference site \<100 mmHg / 100 mmHg and ≥ NOT Value reference site \<140 mmHg / ≥ 140 mmHg * hemibody studied Right / Left * Smoking / No Smoking Methodology: Experimental design: This is an observational study, prospective, multicenter, comparative on healthy volunteers, each individual is his own witness. Reports of non-invasive blood pressure values of 3 different sites of the lower limbs, compared to a reference value. For each individual, the side which will be carried out blood pressure measurements will be drawn. After 5 minutes rest in the supine position, it will be realized the measurement of blood pressure non-invasively systolic, mean and diastolic 2 automated oscillometric measuring devices identical and calibrated simultaneously the arm and thigh ipsilateral / arm and calf ipsilateral / arm and the ipsilateral ankle. Each measurement is repeated once after 1 minute. Statistical analysis: Systolic, mean and diastolic pressures are analyzed separately, and expressed by their average with standard deviation and 95% confidence intervals. The concordance of BP measurements between the arm and each of three sites in the lower limb was analyzed by the method Bland and Altman, calculating the average difference, its approval limits, as well as the confidence interval 95 % upper and lower limits of approval subject to a Gaussian distribution of the difference between the measurements. The search for the best AP measurement site to the lower member is made by comparing the differences between each of the three sites and the reference site, for a global test (variance analysis or test Friedmann according to the distribution of differences), then by comparisons with 2-2 adjusting the p-value. The chosen site is one for which this difference is significantly weaker. All tests are conducted bilaterally with a risk of first species set at 5%. In an earlier study, the largest variance found regarding the difference in systolic BP between calf and arm. Based on the most pessimistic scenario (s = 12.76) to highlight a difference of 5 mm Hg with an alpha risk of 5% and a power of 90% and taking into account the multiple comparisons considered, 176 patients necessary. Total duration of study: 27 months Period of inclusion: 24 months Duration of participation for voluntary: 30 minutes Number of participating centers: 8 centers