This is a prospective, double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled, multi-center, pivotal clinical study in which subjects are evaluated for prevention of major limb amputation in the treatment of non-reconstructable Rutherford Category 5 critical limb ischemia (CLI). Subjects will be randomized in 3:1 ratio (device treatment: placebo-control).
Device arm subjects will receive an intra-operative point of care aspiration, preparation and intramuscular injection of autologous bone marrow cell concentrate (aBMC) into the afflicted lower index limb. Bone marrow will be collected bilaterally from the patient's iliac crests using the SurgWerks-CLI Kit aspiration trocar under local anesthesia with mild to moderate sedation or general anesthesia, processed through the VXP System device to yield a rich cell and plasma concentrate ("aBMC"). Additionally, 10 mL of autologous peripheral blood will be aspirated for the placebo preparation. The Treatment Arm will receive the aBMC, which will be intramuscularly injected at multiple mapped sites/angiosomes into the ischemic index limb using the SurgWerks-CLI Kit supplied Therapeutic Infusion Needles and standard hypodermic needles. The procedure will be performed in a surgical suite and will take approximately 1.5-2.0 hours to complete. The subjects will be observed for 24 hours following the procedure for observation and control as necessary of post-operative pain, bleeding, and infection. Placebo Arm subjects will undergo an intra-operative point of care aspiration and preparation of bone marrow via the investigational device exactly as the Treatment Arm. However, instead of receiving the dosing with the aBMC device output, they will receive an intramuscular injection of diluted autologous peripheral blood into the afflicted lower index limb. At pre-specified follow-up intervals, all subjects in each arm will be evaluated for: * Major limb amputation free survival * Time to Treatment Failure (TTF) * Wound healing: Quantitative evaluation of wound(s) * Quality of life assessment (VascuQoL and SF-36) * Skin Perfusion Pressure (SPP) - Quantitative evaluation of blood flow * Rest pain assessment * Brachial Index (ABI)
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
QUADRUPLE
Enrollment
224
Aspirated bone marrow will be processed by centrifugation, separating out a concentrate (aBMC) comprising primarily white blood cells and platelets. These cells will be injected i.m. to loci determined by the operating physician using imaging and vascular flow criteria. Device: SurgWerks-CLI Kit Device: VXP System
Diluted peripheral blood prepared in a blinded fashion to resemble bone marrow will be injected intramuscularly per the same procedure used for the Experimental Device Arm.
Major Limb Amputation Free Survival
The measure of survival without a major (above the ankle) amputation within 12 months from the procedure and between group analyses at 12 months.
Time frame: 12 months
Major amputation
Above the ankle amputation
Time frame: 12 months
All-Cause Mortality
Death from any cause
Time frame: 12 months
Doubling of wound size
Proportion of wounds that have doubled in size (area)
Time frame: 12 months
New full thickness lesion
New full thickness lesion (\>1 cm2) on the index limb.
Time frame: 12 months
Wound healing (photographic method of measuring area, depth, perimeter and volume of wounds)
Quantitative evaluation of wound area continuous metric data (sq.cm.)
Time frame: 1, 3, 6 and 12 months
Wound healing (photographic method of measuring area, depth, perimeter and volume of wounds)
Quantitative evaluation of wound depth and perimeter in continuous metric data (cm)
Time frame: 1, 3, 6 and 12 months
Wound healing (photographic method of measuring area, depth, perimeter and volume of wounds)
Quantitative evaluation of wound volume in continuous metric data (cu.cm.)
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Time frame: 1, 3, 6 and 12 months
Quality of Life Assessment (a PAD-specific health-related quality of life instrument)
VascuQoL Questionnaire (using subjective, ordinal data regarding patient life style on a scale of 1-7, where 1="all of the time", and 7= "none of the time").
Time frame: 1, 3, 6, and 12 months
Quality of Life Assessment (a PAD-specific health-related quality of life instrument)
VascuQoL Questionnaire (using subjective, ordinal data regarding patient discomfort on a scale of 1-7, where 1="A very great deal of discomfort or distress", and 7= "no discomfort or distress").
Time frame: 1, 3, 6, and 12 months
Quality of Life Assessment (a PAD-specific health-related quality of life instrument)
VascuQoL Questionnaire (using subjective, ordinal data regarding activity on a scale of 1-7, where 1="Totally limited, couldn't go shopping at all", and 7= "not at all limited").
Time frame: 1, 3, 6, and 12 months
Quality of Life Assessment (a PAD-specific health-related quality of life instrument)
VascuQoL Questionnaire (using subjective, ordinal data regarding walking improvement on a scale of 1-7, where 1="Not at all", and 7= "a very great deal").
Time frame: 1, 3, 6, and 12 months
Skin Perfusion Pressure (SPP)
Limb pressure measurement as a proxy for tissue perfusion
Time frame: 1, 3, 6 and 12 months