This study aims to verify the effects of resistance training on neuromuscular, vascular and functional adaptations of elderly diabetics type 2. Half of participants will be the intervention group that will perform resistance training, while the other half will be the control group that will perform stretching sessions.
Resistance training may be an interesting strategy to fight diabetes deleterious conditions, as it is known to increase muscle mass and quality, strength, functional capacity, vascular health, and decrease inflammation status and blood lipids, besides leading to improves in glycemic control. To test this hypothesis, 42 diabetic patients will be recruited and randomized to two groups that will be evaluated before and after 12 weeks of both intervention or control period. The resistance training group will perform all body resistance exercises three times per week, while the control group will perform a stretching session one time per week.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
OTHER
Masking
SINGLE
Enrollment
40
The resistance training will be compound by 12 exercises for all body muscles, performed three times per week. The intensity of training will be measure by maximum repetitions from 12 until 8 repetitions with 2-3 series. The loads will increase for keep the maximum strength as the capacity of patients. The blood pressure and the casual glycemic will be measure before and after the training in each session. Before to start the exercises, patients will perform a warming on treadmill for 10 minutes and after the training will perform some stretching exercises for muscles groups trained.
The stretching session will be composed by stretching and joint mobilization exercises for all body muscles and will happen only one time per week.
Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre
Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Physical Education School
Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Quadriceps Muscle Quality measure by echo intensity
Echo intensity is a grey scale for analyse the image that ranging from 0 (black) to 255 (white).
Time frame: 12 weeks
Functional capacity measure by stair climb test.
Total time, as fast as possible, to climb 10 steps.
Time frame: 12 weeks
Quadriceps muscle strength measured by one repetition maximum (1RM) test.
1RM is a maximum load lifted, reported in kg, during the knee extension.
Time frame: 12 weeks
Visceral adipose tissue measured by ultrasonography
Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) thickness measured by ultrasonography. The VAT thickness is considered from the back of the subcutaneous tissue until the anterior part of the aorta. It is reported in mm.
Time frame: 12 weks
Muscle thickness measured by ultrasonography
Muscle thickness measured by ultrasonography takes into account the superior fascia of the muscle and the distance until the inferior fascia. It is reported in mm.
Time frame: 12 weeks
Inflammation status estimated by tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α ) and C reactive protein (CRP)
TNF-α will be evaluated by specific commercial kit and CRP will be measured in a regular laboratorial equipment (COBAS C111).
Time frame: 12 weeks
Lipid profile
HDL, LDL, total cholesterol and triglycerides will be measured in a regular laboratorial equipment (COBAS C111)
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Time frame: 12 weeks
Glycemic profile
Blood glycated hemoglobin and glucose will be measured in a regular laboratorial equipment (COBAS C111)
Time frame: 12 weeks
Endothelial function measured by ultrasonography
Endothelial function estimated by the response of endothelial cells for hyperemia.
Time frame: 12 weeks
Quadriceps Muscle Quality measure by specific tension
Specific tension is the ratio between muscle strength and muscle mass.
Time frame: 12 weeks
Functional capacity measure by time up and go test
Time to get up from the chair walk around the marker (3 m) and return to the sitting position, as fast as possible.
Time frame: 12 weeks
Functional capacity measure by sit-to-stand-up test
The time, as fast as possible, to stand and sit on the chair 10 times.
Time frame: 12 weeks
Quadriceps muscle power capacity measure by rate of torque development.
The rate torque development is a slope of torque/time curve.
Time frame: 12 weeks