The primary objective is to conduct a pilot study to determine the efficacy of evidence-based interventions delivered in primary care clinic settings on parent-teen health communication.
Primary care provides a means by which to connect evidence-based interventions with patients; however, many interventions have been evaluated using randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in non-healthcare settings. The primary objective is to conduct a pilot study to determine the effect of evidence-based interventions delivered in primary care clinic settings on parent-teen communication about alcohol use, sexual health, and safe driving. Eligible participants are healthy adolescent patients from the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP) primary care network with a well-child visit scheduled between the ages of 14 to 17 years with one parent willing to participate. Adolescents that hold an intermediate driver's license, that are pregnant, or that have pervasive development disorder or a developmental delay are excluded from this study. Parents will be given written psychoeducational intervention materials on communicating with their adolescents about alcohol use, sexual health, or safe driving (e.g.,booklets, tip sheet brochures, activity workbooks, web links), receive coaching about using the intervention materials, and provider endorsement of the materials during the well-child visit, as well as follow-up phone health coaching 2 weeks after the appointment. The primary endpoints are evaluating the difference between the intervention and control groups on parent-teen communication on the targeted health topics.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
348
Psychoeducational workbook, worksheets, tip sheets, and health coaching session about sexual health, sexually transmitted disease (STD) prevention, and safe sex practices for teenager.
Psychoeducational workbook, worksheets, tip sheets, and health coaching session about alcohol prevention and safety, underage drinking, and drinking and driving.
Psychoeducational workbook, worksheets, videos, tip sheets, and health coaching session about how parents can help supervise their teens' safe driving practices and how to talk with their teen about important safety topics for teen drivers.
The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
Quality of Parent-teen Communication (General- All Groups)
Parents completed the 20-item Parent-Adolescent Communication Scale (PACS) (Barnes \& Olson, 1985) which is scored such that a higher total score (sum of all items across scales) indicated better parent-adolescent communication. Teens answered the same questions, with only minor changes in wording when necessary. Scores were summed into an index that ranged from 41-96, α parent = 0.84, and 43-96, α teen = 0.87.
Time frame: 4-6 months post-enrollment
Frequency of Communication About Alcohol
Frequency of communication about alcohol was measured with a single item followed by 4-point Likert-type response categories. Parents were asked: Since your teen's last well-child visit how much have you talked with your teen about alcohol? (Not at all (1), A little bit (2), Quite a bit (3), or A lot (4)). Teens were asked: Since your last well-child visit, how often have you and your (mother/father) talked about alcohol? (Never (1), Rarely (2), Sometimes (3), or Often (4)).
Time frame: 4-6 months post-enrollment
Frequency of Communication About Sex
Frequency of communication about sex was measured with a single item followed by 4-point Likert-type response categories. Parents were asked: Since your teen's last well-child visit how much have you talked with your teen about sex? (Not at all (1), A little bit (2), Quite a bit (3), or A lot (4)). Teens were asked: Since your last well-child visit, how often have you and your (mother/father) talked about sex? (Never (1), Rarely (2), Sometimes (3), or Often (4)).
Time frame: 4-6 months post-enrollment
Parent-teen Communication About Reasons the Teen Wants to Drive
Six months after baseline, parents reported on the frequency that they talked about reasons the teen wants to drive. Parents selected from one of the following response choices: "never talked about" (0); "talked about once or twice" (1); "talked about three or four times" (2); "talked about a lot, about 5 times or more" (3).
Time frame: 6 months post-enrollment
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Parent-teen Communication About the Kinds of Risky Driving Situations That Might Come up in His or Her Friend Group
Six months after baseline, parents reported on the frequency that they talked about the kinds of risky driving situations that might come up in his or her friend group. Parents selected from one of the following response choices: "never talked about" (0); "talked about once or twice" (1); "talked about three or four times" (2); "talked about a lot, about 5 times or more" (3).
Time frame: 6 months post-enrollment
Parent-teen Communication About Pennsylvania's Graduated Driver Licensing Laws
Six months after baseline, parents reported on the frequency that they talked about about Pennsylvania's GDL laws. Parents selected from one of the following response choices: "never talked about" (0); "talked about once or twice" (1); "talked about three or four times" (2); "talked about a lot, about 5 times or more" (3).
Time frame: 6 months post-enrollment
Parent-teen Communication About Wearing a Seatbelt
Six months after baseline, parents reported on the frequency that they talked about wearing a seatbelt. Parents selected from one of the following response choices: "never talked about" (0); "talked about once or twice" (1); "talked about three or four times" (2); "talked about a lot, about 5 times or more" (3).
Time frame: 6 months post-enrollment
Parent-teen Communication About Dangers of Distracted Driving
Six months after baseline, parents reported on the frequency that they talked about dangers of distracted driving. Parents selected from one of the following response choices: "never talked about" (0); "talked about once or twice" (1); "talked about three or four times" (2); "talked about a lot, about 5 times or more" (3).
Time frame: 6 months post-enrollment
Parent-teen Communication About Being a Safe Passenger
Six months after baseline, parents reported on the frequency that they talked about being a safe passenger. Parents selected from one of the following response choices: "never talked about" (0); "talked about once or twice" (1); "talked about three or four times" (2); "talked about a lot, about 5 times or more" (3).
Time frame: 6 months post-enrollment
Parent-teen Communication About What to do in a Crash
Six months after baseline, parents reported on the frequency that they talked about what to do in a crash. Parents selected from one of the following response choices: "never talked about" (0); "talked about once or twice" (1); "talked about three or four times" (2); "talked about a lot, about 5 times or more" (3).
Time frame: 6 months post-enrollment
Parent-teen Communication About What to do if Stopped by a Police Officer
Six months after baseline, parents reported on the frequency that they talked about what to do if stopped by a police officer. Parents selected from one of the following response choices: "never talked about" (0); "talked about once or twice" (1); "talked about three or four times" (2); "talked about a lot, about 5 times or more" (3).
Time frame: 6 months post-enrollment
Parent-teen Communication About Driving Under the Influence of Drugs or Alcohol
Six months after baseline, parents reported on the frequency that they talked about driving under the influence of drugs or alcohol. Parents selected from one of the following response choices: "never talked about" (0); "talked about once or twice" (1); "talked about three or four times" (2); "talked about a lot, about 5 times or more" (3).
Time frame: 6 months post-enrollment
Parent-teen Communication About What to do if the Teen Needs a Safe Ride Home
Six months after baseline, parents reported on the frequency that they talked about what to do if the teen needs a safe ride home. Parents selected from one of the following response choices: "never talked about" (0); "talked about once or twice" (1); "talked about three or four times" (2); "talked about a lot, about 5 times or more" (3).
Time frame: 6 months post-enrollment
Parent-teen Communication About Stopping a Friend From Driving Under the Influence of Drugs or Alcohol
Six months after baseline, parents reported on the frequency that they talked about stopping a friend from driving under the influence of drugs or alcohol. Parents selected from one of the following response choices: "never talked about" (0); "talked about once or twice" (1); "talked about three or four times" (2); "talked about a lot, about 5 times or more" (3).stopping a friend from riding with a driver who is under the influence of drugs or alcohol
Time frame: 6 months post-enrollment
Parent-teen Communication About Stopping a Friend From Riding With a Driver Who is Under the Influence of Drugs or Alcohol
Six months after baseline, parents reported on the frequency that they talked about stopping a friend from riding with a driver who is under the influence of drugs or alcohol. Parents selected from one of the following response choices: "never talked about" (0); "talked about once or twice" (1); "talked about three or four times" (2); "talked about a lot, about 5 times or more" (3).
Time frame: 6 months post-enrollment