The aim of this study is to show presence of cognitive and emotional factors on the beginning and persistence of auditory hallucinations in non-psychotic children. Investigators will describe a significant link between this factors and hallucinations in a sample of non-psychotic children. The results of this sample will be comparing to another group of children of the same age, sex and diagnosis, but without hallucination. Finally, investigators will control the persistence of hallucination on the first group after a six month period.
Background: Hallucinations are a common symptom in pediatric population without psychotic syndrome. Vulnerability, co morbidity and risk factor are already been described. Investigators will study the cognitive and emotional factors on the beginning and persistence of auditory hallucinations in non-psychotic children. The goal of the study is to find a social cognition our emotional impairment to explain auditory hallucinations without psychotic symptoms. Methods: Sample of out non-psychotic patients aged six to eighteen years old with auditory hallucinations were recruited with a self report scale created for this study. Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI)-kids interview and "psychosis" section od Kiddie-SADS (Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for school age chidlren) were conducted to determine Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) IV diagnoses. All children patient were spend specifics social cognition (NeuroPsychologic assessment NEPSY II) and emotional (ifferential Emotions Scale (DES) IV, Beliefs About Voices Questionnaire Revised (BAVQ-R)) scales. Each child results will be compared to child result of the same age, sex and diagnosis but without hallucination that passed the same specifics scales. All of child will be control after a six month period to evaluate auditory hallucination persistence and diagnosis evolution. The total period of the study will be twelve month.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
NON_RANDOMIZED
Purpose
DIAGNOSTIC
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
40
Patients with auditory hallucination (20 for each arm): Evaluation at time 0 and 6 month after of: * The social cognitive marker (NEPSY II) : theory of mind and affect recognition * The emotional marker: * Differential emotion scale IV (DES IV): emotional individual stability * Revised Beliefs About Voices Questionnaire (BAVQ-R): a self report measure of patients' beliefs, emotional and behavior about auditory hallucination. * Evaluation of auditory hallucinations persistence with a self report scale using in recruiting criteria. * Evaluation of diagnosis with DSM-IV criteria: * MINI-Kids * "Psychosis" section of Kiddie-SADS
Patients without auditory hallucination (20 for each arm): Evaluation at time 0 and 6 month after of: * The social cognitive marker (NEPSY II) : theory of mind and affect recognition * The emotional marker: * Differential emotion scale IV (DES IV): emotional individual stability * Revised Beliefs About Voices Questionnaire (BAVQ-R): a self report measure of patients' beliefs, emotional and behavior about auditory hallucination. * Evaluation of auditory hallucinations persistence with a self report scale using in recruiting criteria. * Evaluation of diagnosis with DSM-IV criteria: * MINI-Kids * "Psychosis" section of Kiddie-SADS
Fondation Lenval
Nice, France
Evolution of the score of theory of mind
The social cognitive marker will be evaluate by NeuroPsychologic assessment NEPSY II for theory of mind
Time frame: Change from baseline 6 month later
Evolution of the score of auditory hallucinations persistence
Evaluation of auditory hallucinations persistence with a self report scale using in recruiting criteria.
Time frame: Change from baseline 6 month later
Evolution of the score of Mental Disorder
Evaluation of diagnosis of Mental Disorder with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)-IV criteria using MINI-Kids (Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview )
Time frame: Change from baseline 6 month later
Evaluation of the score of Psychosis
Evaluation of diagnosis of psychosis with DSM-IV (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ) criteria using "Psychosis" section of Kiddie-SADS (Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for school age chidlren)
Time frame: Change from baseline 6 month later
Evolution of the score of individual stability
The evaluation of the the emotional marker will be performed with the Differential emotion scale IV (DES IV): emotional individual stability
Time frame: Change from baseline 6 month later
Evolution of measure of recognition of the feelings
The measure of recognition of the feelings will be performed by the score: The social cognitive marker (NEPSY II)
Time frame: Change from baseline 6 month later
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Evolution of auditory measure of patients' emotional
The auditory measure will be performed by the score: The social cognitive marker (NEPSY II)
Time frame: Change from baseline 6 month later
Evolution of Emotional real-life experience of the hallucination
The Emotional real-life experience of the hallucination will be performed by the score: The Revised Beliefs About Voices Questionnaire (BAVQ-R)
Time frame: Change from baseline 6 month later
Evolution of the score of affect recognition
The social cognitive marker will be evaluate by NeuroPsychologic assessment NEPSY II for theory of affect recognition
Time frame: Change from baseline 6 month later