This study is a Phase II, placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized trial in 480 participants with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) or ASCVD-risk equivalents (for example, diabetes and familial hypercholesterolemia) and elevated LDL-C despite maximum tolerated dose of LDL-C lowering therapies to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of ALN-PCSSC injection(s).
Participants will be screened and 480 eligible participants will be randomized: 60 participants per each of six ALN-PCSSC dose groups plus 120 participants total across the placebo groups (20 participants each to match each of the six drug dose groups). Treatment allocation will be stratified by country and by current use of statins or other lipid-modifying therapies. Each participant will receive either one or two injections on Day 1 or a single injection on Day 1 and on Day 90 of blinded ALN-PCSSC or placebo. Formation of anti-drug antibodies (ADA) will be assessed on Day 1 (prior to and 4 hours after the injection) and on Days 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180 (Days 150 and 180 only in participants who receive a second dose of study drug), and 210 or until any ADA response becomes negative within the study duration. The independent Data Monitoring Committee (DMC) will review safety data beginning after the first 40 participants receive the first injection of ALN-PCSSC or placebo and complete the Day 14 follow-up visit. Thereafter, the DMC will review safety data every 2 months until the end of the trial. A recommendation may be taken to stop or amend the study at any of these reviews. On Day 1, all eligible participants will be randomized and receive the first subcutaneous (SC) administration of ALN-PCSSC or placebo. After the first study drug administration, the participant will be observed in the clinic for at least 4 hours post injection before being discharged. Participants will return at Day 14 and then at monthly intervals for 6 months. Participants randomized to receive a second dose of study drug will receive the second injection of ALN-PCSSC or placebo at the Day 90 visit. Efficacy assessments will include the measurement of the effects of ALN-PCSSC on levels of LDL-C lipids and lipoproteins including total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), non-HDL-C, very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), apolipoprotein A1 (Apo-AI), apolipoprotein B (Apo-B), lipoprotein (a) \[Lp(a)\], C-reactive protein (CRP), and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9). End of study (EOS) evaluations will be conducted at the EOS visit (Day 210). The expected duration of the participants' involvement in the study will be approximately 374 days, which includes screening, study drug administration, the course of single or multiple injections, and the follow-up period to Day 360. Participants completing the study to Day 210 will be given the opportunity to enroll in a separate long-term extension study. Any participants in whom LDL-C levels have not returned to \>80% of baseline values will continue to be followed as part of this study until either this level has been reached or until a maximum of Day 360, at which point they will be given the opportunity to enroll in the long-term extension study. At each visit, LDL-C levels, adverse events, serious adverse events, concomitant medications, and safety laboratory assessments will be collected. Objectives: Primary: To evaluate the effect of ALN-PCSSC treatment on LDL-C levels at Day 180. Secondary: To evaluate the effect of ALN-PCSSC on the following: * LDL-C at Day 90 * LDL-C levels at other time points * PCSK9 levels over time * Other lipids, lipoproteins, apolipoproteins * Proportion of participants achieving pre-specified global lipid guidelines * Individual responsiveness to different doses * Duration of lipid-lowering effect of different doses * Safety and tolerability profile of ALN-PCSSC Exploratory: To collect/evaluate the effect of ALN-PCSSC on the following: * Cardiovascular (CV) events such as CV death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, resuscitated cardiac arrest and non-fatal stroke (ischemic and hemorrhagic) * Evaluation of ADA for the investigational product
ALN-PCSSC is a small interfering ribonucleic acid (RNA) that inhibits PCSK9 synthesis and is given as SC injections
Saline (sterile, normal, 0.9%) solution given as SC injections
Percentage Change in LDL-C From Baseline to Day 180
Percent Change in LDL-C (beta-quantification) from Baseline to Day 180 in MITT Population
Time frame: Baseline to 180 days
Percentage Change in LDL-C From Baseline to Day 90
Percent Change in LDL-C (beta-quantification) from Baseline to Day 90 in MITT Population
Time frame: Baseline to 90 days
Percent Change From Baseline In LDL-C Levels At Day 60, Day 120, and Day 210
This outcome measure evaluated the effects of both single- and double-dose inclisiran on LDL-C levels in the mITT population from baseline to Day 60, Day 120, and Day 210.
Time frame: Baseline, Day 60, Day 120, and Day 210
Number of Participants With an LDL-C Greater Than 80% of the Baseline Value at Day 180 and Day 210
This outcome measure evaluated the number of participants (single and double dose) in the mITT population with an LDL-C greater than 80% of the baseline value at Day 180 and Day 210.
Time frame: Baseline, Day 180, Day 210
Number of Participants With Individual Responsiveness as Measured By LDL-C Levels at Day 90 and Day 180
This outcome measure evaluated the individual responsiveness of participants to inclisiran (single and double dose) in the mITT population as defined by an LDL-C level of \<25 mg/deciliter \[dL\] at Day 90 and Day 180.
Time frame: Day 90, Day 180
Number of Participants With Greater Or Equal To 50% LDL-C Reduction From Baseline At Day 180
This outcome measure evaluated the number of participants (single and double dose) in the mITT population with an LDL-C reduction greater than 50% of the baseline value at Day 180.
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Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
DOUBLE
Enrollment
501
Jacksonville Center for Clinical Research
Jacksonville, Florida, United States
Midwest Institute For Clinical Research
Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
Mount Sinai Icahn School of Medicine
New York, New York, United States
Metabolic And Atherosclerosis Research Center
Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
Sterling Research Group
Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
Wellmont CVA Heart Institute
Greeneville, Tennessee, United States
Amarillo Heart Clinical Research Institute, Inc.
Amarillo, Texas, United States
National Clinical Research, Inc.
Richmond, Virginia, United States
St. Paul's Hospital
Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
St. Boniface Hospital
Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
...and 44 more locations
Time frame: Baseline, Day 180
Percentage Change in PCSK9 Levels From Baseline at Day 180
This outcome measure evaluated the percent change in proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) from baseline to Day 180 in participants (single and double dose) in the mITT population.
Time frame: Baseline, Day 180
Percentage Change in Other Lipids and Apolipoproteins From Baseline to Day 180
This outcome measure evaluated the percent change from baseline to Day 180 in cholesterol (total, high-density lipoprotein \[HDL\], non-HDL) and apolipoproteins (B, A1) in participants (single and double dose) in the mITT population.
Time frame: Baseline, Day 180
Number of Participants Who Attained Global Lipid Modification Targets for Level of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk
This outcome measure evaluated the proportion of participants (single and double dose) in the mITT population who attained a global lipid modification target by baseline cardiovascular risk group, looking specifically at LDL-C levels (mg/dL) in the category of cardiovascular disease (CVD). CVD was defined as a participant who had at least 1 of the following: prior myocardial infarction, prior percutaneous coronary intervention, prior coronary artery bypass graft, prior stroke, prior transient ischemic attack, peripheral artery disease.
Time frame: Baseline, Day 180
Percentage Change in Other Lipids and Inflammatory Markers From Baseline to Day 180
This outcome measure evaluated the percent change from baseline to Day 180 in triglycerides, very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol, lipoprotein(a), and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) in participants (single and double dose) in the mITT population.
Time frame: Baseline, Day 180