Deep Brain Stimulation of the Anterior Nucleus of the Thalamus in Refractory Epilepsy

Inclusion Criteria: * age 12-60. * having tried at least two appropriate anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) tested to tolerance or to blood levels at upper end of the target range of which at least 2 have been tolerated at normal dose. * at least 6 seizures per month. * in good health except epilepsy. * to with normal MMSE score * patients or his(her) familys could understand this method and sign the informed consent 7）Patients with good compliance and could complete postoperative follow-up Exclusion Criteria: * results of MRI remind epilepsy caused by intracranial space-occupying lesions. * the vagus nerve lesion and damage * tumor, cardiopulmonary anomaly, progressive neurological diseases, asthma，mental disease，peptic ulcer，diabetes Type 1，bad health etc, and other surgical contraindication.