Brown Seaweeds Effect on Glucose Tolerance and Appetite Response

University of Copenhagen20 enrolled

Overview

The project is a randomized, 3-way, blinded crossover trial in which 20 healthy, fasted participants consume meals with 30 g of a linear corn starch and 5 g of one of the seaweeds, Laminara digitata or Undaria pinnatifida or a pea protein control. The primary aim is to investigate whether the brown seaweeds affect the postprandial glucose Area Under the Curve (AUC). Stomach emptying, insulin, C-peptide, appetite-regulating hormones (oxyntomodulin, glucagon, GLP-1 and PYY), and specific metabolites from the seaweeds in the urine and plasma as well as subjective satiety are also analyzed.

Brown seaweeds may contain bioactive compounds as they contain secondary plant metabolites, including flavonoids and other phenolic compounds as well as carotenoids. Dietary fibre is the major component of brown seaweeds, mainly composed from laminarans, alginates, fucans and cellulose. Several dietary fibers and secondary plant metabolites have been shown to have an impact on health and more specifically on glycemic control. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate whether two selected brown seaweeds have an effect on the postprandial glucose response to a starch load as well as several secondary measures, including appetite responses. In a controlled crossover trial, 20 healthy fasted participants consumed 5 g of either Laminaria digitata (LD) or Undaria pinnatifida (UP) or 1 g of pea protein (CTR). The volunteers concomitantly ingested 200 mL of a drink with corn starch. Blood samples were drawn at baseline, as well as 20, 40, 60, 90, 120 and 180 min after the meal. Differences in glucose, insulin, C-peptide, plasma incretin concentrations, and insulin sensitivity index (ISI) were analyzed and appetite was scored by a visual analogue scale and a subsequent ad libitum test meal.

Study Type

INTERVENTIONAL

Allocation

RANDOMIZED

Purpose

PREVENTION

Masking

DOUBLE

Enrollment

Conditions

High Blood Glucose

Interventions

LDOTHER

Participants ingested 5 g of Laminaria digitata followed by 30 g of corn starch mixed with 200 mL of water.

UPOTHER

Participants ingested 5 g of Undaria pinnatifida followed by 30 g of corn starch mixed with 200 mL of water.

CTROTHER

Participants ingested 30 g of corn starch and 1 g of pea protein powder mixed with 200 mL of water.

Eligibility

Sex: ALLMin age: 20 YearsMax age: 50 YearsHealthy volunteers:

Medical Language ↔ Plain English

Inclusion Criteria: BMI 20-25 kg/m2. Waist circumference \< 102 cm. Non-smoking. Like (can tolerate) seaweed, pasta, meat sauce as these foods are part of the test meal. Can tolerate paracetamol (Pinex, Actavis, Denmark). Exclusion Criteria: Systemic infections, psychiatric or metabolic diseases, and any clinical condition, chronic or frequent use of medication (including blood thinners, excluding contraceptives), smoking (throughout the trial and 12 months before the start of the experiment), blood donations during or in the month leading up to the study period, elite athletes (\> 10 hours of hard exercise / week, self-reported), high intake of alcohol (defined as a weekly intake of \> 7 units for women and \> 14 units for men), have or have had a drug addiction, participation in other scientific studies during the study period, lactating, pregnancy or ongoing planning of pregnancy, and vegetarianism or veganism.

Locations (1)

Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen

Frederiksberg, Denmark

Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

Plasma glucose Area Under the Curve (Glucose AUC)

The area under the plasma glucose concentration curve was calculated from 0-180 min after 30 g of corn starch was ingested.

Time frame: 0- 180 min

Secondary Outcomes

Plasma glucose concentrations

Changes in the glucose concentrations determined by a mixed model analysis and subsequently at each time point with time 0 as a co-variate.

Time frame: 20, 40, 60, 90, 120 and 180 min

Serum Insulin Area Under the Curve

Area Under the Curve (AUC) for serum insulin.

Time frame: 0-180 min

Serum Insulin concentrations

Changes in the insulin concentrations determined by a mixed model analysis and subsequently at each time point with time 0 as a co-variate.

Time frame: : 20, 40, 60, 90, 120 and 180 min

ISI (0-180)

Matsuda's Insulin Sensitivity Index

Time frame: 0-180 min

Serum C-peptide Area Under the Curve

Area Under the Curve (AUC) for serum C-peptide.

Time frame: 0-180 min

Serum C-peptide concentrations

Changes in the C-peptide concentrations determined by a mixed model analysis and subsequently at each time point with time 0 as a co-variate.

Time frame: 20, 40, 60, 90, 120 and 180 min

Plasma GLP-1 Area Under the Curve

Data from ClinicalTrials.gov

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