The aim of this study is to evaluate the analgesia efficacy of local ketamine given by two different doses in pediatric patients undergoing tonsillectomy operations
In this double-blinded, clinically-controlled trial, 100 child will be randomized into four groups of 25 patients each; control group, intravenous ketamine group received 0.5mg iv. ketamine, and two local ketamine groups receiving local ketamine by nebulization in two different doses; 1 and 2mg/kg. The verbal rating pain scale, time to first postoperative analgesic request, total analgesic consumption during 1st 24 h postoperative, serum ketamine levels, intra operative blood loss, postoperative bleeding, and adverse effects were evaluated.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
QUADRUPLE
Enrollment
100
Intravenous ketamine 0.5mg/kg after anesthesia and before surgery.
Nebulized Ketamine 1mg/kg given by nebulizer before anesthesia.
Nebulized Ketamine 2mg/kg given by nebulizer before anesthesia.
Assiut university hospitals
Asyut, Assiut Governorate, Egypt
Postoperative analgesic consumption
The total amount of analgesics used in the first 24h postoperative in mg.
Time frame: 24 hours postoperative
Postoperative pain scores
Pain intensity will be assessed postoperatively by using the Verbal Rating scale (VRS) (0 =no pain, 1 =mild pain, 2 =moderate pain, 3 =severe pain, and lastly 4 =excruciating pain). VRS assessments were performed at rest in the following time points; at arrival to PACU, 30 min, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 12, and 24 h postoperative. \- \- .
Time frame: 24 hours postoperative
Ketamine serum levels to exclude systemic absorption of topical ketamine.
the level of ketamine in the serum.
Time frame: 120 min after receiving Ketamine
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Saline 0.9% given by nebulizer before anesthesia and iv after anesthesia and before surgery.