Carbon Ion Radiotherapy for the Treatment of Localized Prostate Cancer

Inclusion Criteria: * Pathologically confirmed adenocarcinoma of the prostate * No lymph node and distant metastasis * Age ≥ 20 and \< 85 years of age * Karnofsky Performance Score ≥70 * No previous pelvic radiation therapy (RT) * No previous prostatectomy * No previous invasive cancer (within 5 years before the prostate cancer diagnosis)except for skin non-melanoma cancer * Ability to understand character and individual consequences of the clinical trial * Willing to sign the written informed consent; Informed consent must be signed before the enrollment in the trial Exclusion Criteria: * No pathologically confirmed adenocarcinoma of the prostate * Pelvic lymph node metastasis (N1) * Distant metastasis (M1) * Urinary obstructive symptoms (IPSS \> 20) * Previous pelvic radiotherapy * Previous prostatectomy * Severe systemic disorders * Concomitant disorders including: chronic urinary or intestinal inflammatory conditions (for example, ulcerous recto-colitis, Crohn disease), anti-coagulant treatment (warfarin, heparin) * Previous malignancy except for skin non-melanoma cancer or 3-year disease free interval from previous malignancy like non muscle invasive bladder cancer * Non conformity of the radiotherapy dose distribution when compared to the dose constraints * Psychiatric disorders or any other condition that can make unreliable the informed consent