In this study, the investigators varied both the energy density and portion size of milk served with a meal commonly consumed by preschool children. The milk used in this study is commercially available and reflects typical variations in energy density. The primary aim of the study is to investigate the independent and combined effects of milk energy density and portion size on preschool children's intake of the milk and the simultaneously served meal. The effect of milk energy density and portion size on children's total energy intake at the meal will also be evaluated.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
SINGLE
Enrollment
143
Low energy density milk served
High energy density milk served
Small portion of milk served
The Pennsylvania State University, Laboratory for the Study of Human Ingestive Behavior
University Park, Pennsylvania, United States
Difference between experimental conditions for milk, food, and total intake by weight
Difference between experimental conditions in milk intake (weight in grams), food intake (weight in grams), total meal intake (weight in grams)
Time frame: once a week for 4 weeks
Difference between experiential conditions for milk, food, and total intake by energy
Difference between experimental conditions for milk intake (energy in kcal), food intake (energy in kcal), and total meal energy intake (energy in kcal)
Time frame: once a week for 4 weeks
Meal energy density
Meal energy density (energy density in kcal/g)
Time frame: once a week for 4 weeks
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Large portion of milk served