The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of spinal anesthesia with isobaric ropivacaine, compared with hyperbaric bupivacaine in geriatric patients undergoing lower limb orthopedic surgery.
52 patients physical status II-III according to the American Society of Anesthesiologists classification aged 65 years and above of average height, and scheduled for total knee replacement under spinal anesthesia. Patients were randomly assigned into two equal groups of 26 patients each according to the type of local anesthetic injected in the subarachnoid space , Group I : patients who received an intrathecal injection of 12.5 mg of 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine , Group II: patients who received an intrathecal injection of 15 mg of 0.5% ropivacaine. The investigators compared both groups as regards the extent and duration of sensory and motor block and hemodynamics including heart rate (HR) , non invasive mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) and respiratory depression.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
52
12.5 mg of hyperbaric bupivacaine 0.5% for spinal anesthesia in geriatric patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty
15 mg of isobaric ropivacaine 0.5% for spinal anesthesia in geriatric patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty
Changes in the extent and duration of sensory block
The assessment of sensory block to pinprick was performed at 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 15 min after the intrathecal injection and then every 15 min until regression to L5. Results of the pinprick test were determined bilaterally at midclavicular level by using a short-beveled 27-gauge needle. Response to pain we determined by asking the patient whether or not he feels pain with the pinprick.
Time frame: within 2 years
Changes in the extent and duration of motor block
Motor block in the lower limb was assessed by using a modified Bromage scale (0 = no paralysis , 1 = unable to raise extended leg , 2 = unable to flex knee , 3 = unable to flex ankle). These assessments were performed immediately after the assessments of sensory block until the return of normal motor function.
Time frame: within 2 years
Changes in the heart rate
All patients of these 2 groups were assessed and monitored for Haemodynamics using ECG for heart rate (HR). Baseline values were defined as heart rate values before the preanesthetic infusion. The values were recorded before the induction and then every 5 min until discharge from the recovery room.
Time frame: within 2 years
Changes in the non invasive mean arterial blood pressure
All patients of these 2 groups were assessed and monitored for Haemodynamics as regards non invasive mean arterial blood pressure (MAP). Baseline values were defined as blood pressure values before the preanesthetic infusion. The values were recorded before the induction and then every 5 min until discharge from the recovery room.
Time frame: within 2 years
Respiratory depression
Respiratory depression (defined as respiratory rate \< 8 min and SPO 2 \< 90%)
Time frame: within 2 years
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