This is the second phase of a study designed to determine the immunological effects of long-term exercise on risk factors for ischemic heart disease (phase 1) and osteoporosis (phase 2). The results indicate that six months of moderate intensity exercise reduces bone resorption and increases the secretion of anti-osteoclastogenic cytokines by peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
In a before and after trial involving 43 healthy adults the investigators measured the effect of six months of supervised exercise on the spontaneous and phytohemagglutinin-induced production of osteoclastogenic cytokines (interleukin-1α, tumor necrosis factor-α), anti-osteoclastogenic cytokines (transforming growth factor-β, interleukins 4 and10), pleiotropic cytokines with variable effects on osteoclastogenesis (interferon-γ, interleukin-6), and T cell growth and differentiation factors (interleukins 2 and 12) by peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The investigators also measured lymphocyte phenotypes, and serum markers of bone formation (osteocalcin), bone resorption (C-terminal telopeptides of Type I collagen), and bone homeostasis (estradiol, vitamin D2, testosterone, parathyroid hormone, insulin-like growth factor).
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
NA
Purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
43
Subjects were enrolled in a hospital-based wellness center where, after analysis of their medical history and previous levels of physical activity ands documentation of a normal exercise stress test, they chose individually tailored exercise programs
James H. Quillen College of Medicine
Johnson City, Tennessee, United States
Evidence of altered bone resorption and/or production as measured by measurements of serum levels of osteocalcin and degradation products of Type I collagen (C-terminal telopeptides)
Time frame: 6 months
Evidence of altered secretion of osteoclastogenic cytokines by peripheral blood mononuclear cells
secretion of IL-1 alpha, TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma by cultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells
Time frame: 6 months
Evidence of altered secretion of anti-osteoclastogenic cytokines by cultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells
secretion of IL-10, IL-4, TGF-beta, IL-6 by cultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells
Time frame: 6 months
Evidence of altered blood mononuclear cell phenotypes
Immunophenotyping of blood mononuclear cells by FACScan flow cytometer
Time frame: 6 months
Evidence of altered serum factors of bone homeostasis
Measurements of serum levels of estradiol, testosterone, PTH, IGF-1
Time frame: 6 months
Evidence of altered secretion of growth and differentiation factors by cultures peripheral blood mononuclear cells
Measurements of IL-2, IL-4, IL-12
Time frame: 6 months
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