The study assesses cognitive complaints in newly diagnosed patients with obstructive sleep apnea with no medical-comorbity affecting cognition. Cognitive complaints will be compared to healthy controls matched on age, sex and educational level. Factors related to cognitive complaints will also be assessed, including anxiety and depressive symptoms, complaints of fatigue and sleepiness, quality of life, psychological coping strategies and objective measures of cognition. Patients starting treatment for sleep apnea (continuous positive airway pressure or mandibular repositioning device) will be reassessed on all measures after 6 months of treatment to study the impact of treatment as usual on cognitive complaints and its related factors.
Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Enrollment
180
VieCuri Medisch Centrum
Venlo, Limburg, Netherlands
Reinier de Graaf Gasthuis
Delft, South Holland, Netherlands
Cognitive Failure Questionnaire (CFQ)
Questionnaire assessing cognitive complaints
Time frame: Assessed at inclusion of study and, if treatment is started, after 6 months of treatment.
Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function Adult version (BRIEF-A)
Questionnaire assessing cognitive complaints
Time frame: Assessed at inclusion of study and, if treatment is started, after 6 months of treatment.
Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS)
questionnaire assessing anxiety and depressive symptoms
Time frame: Assessed at inclusion of study and, if treatment is started, after 6 months of treatment.
Fatigue Assessment Scale (FAS)
questionnaire assessing fatigue
Time frame: Assessed at inclusion of study and, if treatment is started, after 6 months of treatment.
Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS)
questionnaire assessing sleepiness
Time frame: Assessed at inclusion of study and, if treatment is started, after 6 months of treatment.
Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)
questionnaire screening for sleep disorders and assessing sleep quality
Time frame: Assessed at inclusion of study and, if treatment is started, after 6 months of treatment.
Sleep diary
subjective measure for sleep quality
Time frame: Assessed at inclusion of study and, if treatment is started, after 6 months of treatment.
World Health Organisation Quality of Life Questionnaire BREF (WHOQOL-bref)
questionnaire measuring quality of life
Time frame: Assessed at inclusion of study and, if treatment is started, after 6 months of treatment.
Utrechtse Coping Lijst (UCL)
questionnaire measuring psychological coping strategies
Time frame: Assessed at inclusion of study and, if treatment is started, after 6 months of treatment.
Dutch reading tests for adults (NLV)
cognitive test for verbal intelligence
Time frame: Assessed at inclusion of study.
Central Nervous System Vital Signs Symbol Digit Coding (CNS-VS-SDC)
cognitive test for attention
Time frame: Assessed at inclusion of study and, if treatment is started, after 6 months of treatment.
Central Nervous System Vital Signs Continuous Performance Test (CNS-VS-CPT)
cognitive test for attention
Time frame: Assessed at inclusion of study and, if treatment is started, after 6 months of treatment.
Central Nervous System Vital Signs Stroop Test (CNS-VS-ST)
cognitive test for attention/executive function
Time frame: Assessed at inclusion of study and, if treatment is started, after 6 months of treatment.
Central Nervous System Vital Signs Shifting Attention Test (CNS-VS-SAT)
cognitive test for attention/executive function
Time frame: Assessed at inclusion of study and, if treatment is started, after 6 months of treatment.
Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT)
cognitive test for memory
Time frame: Assessed at inclusion of study and, if treatment is started, after 6 months of treatment.
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale III - Digit Span (WAIS-III-DS)
cognitive test for attention/executive function
Time frame: Assessed at inclusion of study and, if treatment is started, after 6 months of treatment.
Trail Making Test (TMT)
cognitive test for attention/executive function
Time frame: Assessed at inclusion of study and, if treatment is started, after 6 months of treatment.
Semantic Fluency
cognitive test for executive function
Time frame: Assessed at inclusion of study and, if treatment is started, after 6 months of treatment.
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