The hypothesis is that seafood proteins given in combination with carbohydrates with low GI are superior to seafood proteins in combination with carbohydrates with high GI and meat in combination with both carbohydrates with low and high GI in promoting energy expenditure and satiety. The overall objective of this study is to investigate the acute effects of meals containing fish versus meat proteins on energy balance (thermogenesis, appetite regulating hormones and appetite sensations), markers of glucose allostatis and amino acid metabolism.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
48
Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports
Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
Differences in diet induced thermogenesis between the four test meals
In the following three hours after eating the test meal respiratory gas exchange will be measured 6x25 minutes with 5 minutes breaks in between each measurement. Diet induced thermogenesis (DIT) will be measured by indirect calorimetry using a ventilated hood system. Each measurement will last for 25 minutes of which the last 20 minutes will be used for calculation of energy expenditure.
Time frame: 3 hours
Satiety
Evaluated by VAS-measures of subjective appetite sensations (satiety, hunger, fullness and prospective food consumption)
Time frame: 3 hours
Food preferences
In an attempt to measure spontaneous energy intake and macronutrient preferences in an experimental context, the participants will be given an ad libitum buffet lunch at noon. A cold and hot buffet-style lunch comprising a variety of foods (representing a wide selection of food groups) will be offered after the last measurement of gas exchange and the participants will be instructed to eat ad libitum.
Time frame: 3 hours
Glucose
Blood sample
Time frame: 3 hours
Insulin
Blood sample
Time frame: 3 hours
Glucagon
Blood sample
Time frame: 3 hours
C-peptide
Blood sample
Time frame: 3 hours
Plasma amino acids
Blood samples
Time frame: 3 hours
Appetite regulating hormones
e.g. glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1)
Time frame: 3 hours
Free fatty acids
Blood sample
Time frame: 3 hours
Glycerol
Blood sample
Time frame: 3 hours
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