Metabolic acidosis is a common complication that patients experience in the early postoperative period following cardiac surgery. Increasingly, the composition and volume of intravenous fluids administered during surgery have been implicated in the development of postoperative acidosis. Intraoperative Cell Salvage (ICS), an autologous blood transfusion technique employed by Cardiac/Perfusion Units to minimize blood loss during surgery, involves the infusion of of one such fluid, 0.9% sodium chloride. The rapid infusion of large volumes of 0.9% sodium chloride has previously been linked with the development of hyperchloraemic acidosis. It was therefore hypothesized that the volume of mechanically salvaged of red blood cells re-infused into patients undergoing heart surgery contributes to the acidosis that occurs in the early postoperative period. To test this, the investigators have designed an observational cohort study to check for correlation between the volume of cell salvaged blood infused during surgery and the severity of postoperative acidosis (which will be assessed using data from routine arterial blood gas samples).
Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Enrollment
37
0.9% sodium chloride is used as the wash and suspension solution for red blood cells during the Intraoperative red blood cell salvage (ICS) procedure.
Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh
Edinburgh, Midlothian, United Kingdom
plasma hydrogen ion concentration
Plasma hydrogen ion concentration is measured by the arterial blood gas analyzer machine, and serves as a direct indicator of plasma acidity at a given time point. Data from two routine blood gas samples are of interest: T1 - baseline measurement taken on insertion of an arterial line immediately after the induction of anaesthesia (i.e. before any fluid infusion has commenced); T2 - postoperative measurement made immediately after patient arrives in ICU (i.e. once all the cell salvaged blood has been transfused)
Time frame: at the start of surgery (before fluid infusion) and immediately after surgery (after fluid infusion)
plasma chloride concentration
Plasma chloride concentration is measured by the arterial blood gas analyzer machine. Data from two routine blood gas samples are of interest: T1 - baseline measurement taken on insertion of an arterial line immediately after the induction of anaesthesia (i.e. before any fluid infusion has commenced); T2 - postoperative measurement made immediately after patient arrives in ICU (i.e. once all the cell salvaged blood has been transfused)
Time frame: at the start of surgery (before fluid infusion) and immediately after surgery (after fluid infusion)
plasma strong ion difference
Plasma strong ion difference can be computed from routine arterial blood gas electrolyte measurements (chloride, lactate, sodium, potassium) using a formula. Strong ion difference serves as an indirect measure of plasma acidity. Data from two routine blood gas samples are of interest: T1 - baseline measurement taken on insertion of an arterial line immediately after the induction of anaesthesia (i.e. before any fluid infusion has commenced); T2 - postoperative measurement made immediately after patient arrives in ICU (i.e. once all the cell salvaged blood has been transfused)
Time frame: at the start of surgery (before fluid infusion) and immediately after surgery (after fluid infusion)
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