Is There a Relationship Between Hyperlipidemia and Periodontitis?

Marmara University160 enrolled

Overview

The aim of present study is to investigate any relationship between hyperlipidemia and periodontal disease regarding the periodontal parameters and plasma lipid parameters, along with age, gender, brushing habit, body mass index, dietary habit, physical activity, alcohol consumption. In this cross sectional study, a total of 160 individuals were divided into two groups based on their metabolic status: hyperlipidemic group (n=97) and normolipidemic group (n=63). Plaque index, gingival index, bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL) clinical parameters and community periodontal index of treatment needs (CPITN) scores were measured. Triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels had been determined previously during individuals routine systemic examinations. Daily brushing habits and interdental cleaning together with dietary habits, alcohol consumption and physical activity levels were also recorded.

Study Type

OBSERVATIONAL

Enrollment

160

Conditions

Hyperlipidemia, Periodontal Disease

Interventions

No intervention was applied

Eligibility

Sex: ALLMin age: 35 YearsMax age: 65 Years

Medical Language ↔ Plain English

Inclusion Criteria: * Subjects having no periodontal treatment within previous 6 months, * number of natural teeth ≥ 10, * no history of cancer and systemic disease that affects lipid levels or periodontium, * no history of medical treatment for hyperlipidemia, BMI\< 30 kg/m2, * no pregnancy, * no history of systemic antibiotic treatment within previous 3 months, * no smoking. Exclusion Criteria: * patients with history of systemic disease that affects lipid metabolism or periodontal disease * history of medical treatment for hyperlipidemia * pregnancy, lactation or hormone replacement therapy at the time of study * use of any other drug known to affect lipid metabolism or periodontal disease * systemic infection or any history of systemic antibiotic treatment in previous 3 months * smokers as well as ex-smokers

Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

Triglyceride (TG)

Subjects with plasma TG or TC levels \> 200 mg/dl and LDL-C levels \> 130 mg/dl were included in the hyperlipidemic group, while the normolipidemic group comprised of patients with plasma TG or TC levels below the aforementioned limits

Time frame: day 0

Total cholesterol (TC)

Time frame: day 0

Low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)

Time frame: day 0

Secondary Outcomes

Plaque index

The measurement of the state of oral hygiene based on recording dental plaque accumulation

Time frame: day 0

Gingival index

An assessment level of gingival health and inflammation

Time frame: day 0

Bleeding on probing

A sign of gingival inflammation were assessed on the buccal, lingual, mesial and distal sites of each tooth

Time frame: day 0

Probing depth

The distance from the gingival margin to bottom of the pocket with using 0.5 mm diameter periodontal probe at mesiobuccal, midbuccal, distobuccal, distolingual, midlingual and mesiolingual sites of each tooth

Time frame: day 0

Clinical attachment level

The distance between the cemento-enamel junction and bottom of the pocket

Time frame: day 0

Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs score

These scores are used to represent healthy periodontium, bleeding after probing, dental calculus detected by probing, 4-5 mm deep pockets and deep pockets ≥ 6 mm, respectively.

Time frame: day 0