The overall global prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is rising. Based on the latest Thai National Health Examination Survey, an estimated 3.2 million people had DM, of whom one-third was undiagnosed. The inexpensive oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) is a more sensitive and reliable test of DM than fasting plasma glucose (FPG) or HbA1c, and is recommended for diagnosing DM and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). Although the OGTT provides useful diagnostic information, poor patient tolerance of glucose solutions is inevitable.
Regarding the diagnosis of DM, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) identifies about 2% more individuals than does fasting plasma glucose (FPG). Hence OGTT is the method that has high sensitivity compared to other methods for diagnosis of IGT (impaired glucose tolerance) and diabetes. However, standard OGTT with 75-g glucose has poor patient tolerance and might cause reactive hypoglycemia. The alternatives for 75-g glucose would help for screening of DM with better tolerance. There were previous studies investigated substitutes for oral glucose solution with cookies and muffin. In the present study we hypothesized that an alternative food such as ice cream, a favorite dessert, can use for evaluation of the diagnosis of DM and IGT instead of standard 75-g glucose.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
DIAGNOSTIC
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
104
The ice cream was made by nutritionists in Ramathibodi Hospital. It consisted of cornstarch, milk, sucrose, milk powder, egg yolk, and banana which contained carbohydrate 73.9 g, fat 27.7 g, protein 18.9 g for a total of 620.9 kcal with a cost of 35 bahts. The time for complete ingesting 75-g glucose and ice cream was 5 and 15 minutes, respectively.
The 75-g glucose is used for standard oral glucose tolerance test.
Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University
Bangkok, Thailand
The correct diagnosis of diabetes mellitus
We calculate the percentage of wrong diagnosis of diabetes mellitus when using ice cream instead of 75-g glucose (gold standard test). We also calculate sensitivity and specificity of ice cream test for diagnosis of diabetes mellitus.
Time frame: 2 hours
The correct diagnosis of impaired glucose tolerance
We calculate the percentage of wrong diagnosis of impaired glucose tolerance using ice cream instead of 75-g glucose (gold standard test). We also calculate sensitivity and specificity of ice cream test for diagnosis of impaired glucose tolerance.
Time frame: 2 hours
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