This study aims to compare the effects of two water-based training models in physiological parameters of dyslipidemic elderly women. Thus, a randomized controlled clinical trial will be conducted in parallel with the participation of 45 dyslipidemic elderly women.
The women will be randomly divided into three groups: water aerobics training (WA), resistance aquatic training (WR) and the third is the control group (who will perform relaxation sessions under water). The three groups will attend classes during 10 weeks, with two weekly sessions of 45 minutes each. The WA and WR groups will use the same four exercises in their training. The WA group will be trained using the interval method, performing six blocks of five minutes each one, alternating four minutes at intensities corresponding to 90 to 100% of the heart rate corresponding to the second ventilatory threshold (HRVT2) and one minute at intensities between 80 and 90% HRVT2. The WR group will perform four to eight sets of 20 to 10 seconds along the macrocycle, always at maximal speed execution of the exercises. Will be measured, before and after the period of 10 weeks of intervention, biochemical, cardiorespiratory, neuromuscular and hemodynamic variables, parameters of quality of life and depressive symptoms in addition to the cardiovascular risk score of the participants of the three groups. Data will be described by means values and lower and upper limits, with a 95% confidence interval. Comparisons between and within groups were performed using the method of generalized estimates of equations (GEE), with Bonferroni post hoc, adopting a 0.05 significance level.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
SINGLE
Enrollment
45
The WA group will be trained adopting the interval method, performing six blocks of five minutes each one, alternating four minutes at intensities corresponding to 90 to 100% of the heart rate corresponding to the second ventilatory threshold (HRVT2) and one minute at intensities between 80 and 90% HRVT2.
The WR group will perform four to eight sets of 20 to 10 seconds along the macrocycle, always at maximal speed execution of the exercises.
The control group will perform relaxation classes, including meditation, balance exercises, coordination exercises.
Total Cholesterol (TC) Change
This variable will be measured through blood collection after 12 hours fasting. The analysis will be performed through the enzymatic method using kits Siemens, in automated equipment Advia 1800.
Time frame: Change from baseline total cholesterol at 10 weeks
Triglycerides (TG) Change
This variable will be measured through blood collection after 12 hours fasting. The analysis will be performed through the enzymatic method using kits Siemens, in automated equipment Advia 1800.
Time frame: Change from baseline triglycerides at 10 weeks
High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) Change
This variable will be measured through blood collection after 12 hours fasting. The analysis will be performed through the enzymatic method using kits Siemens, in automated equipment Advia 1800.
Time frame: Change from baseline HDL at 10 weeks
C-Reactive Protein (CRP) Change
This variable will be measured through blood collection after 12 hours fasting. The analysis will be performed through the turbidimetric method in Cobas Mira Plus equipment, with the Biotechnical Kit for ultrasensitive C-reactive protein.
Time frame: Change from baseline C-reactive protein at 10 weeks
Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) Change
This variable will be estimated by Friedewald equation.
Time frame: Change from baseline LDL at 10 weeks
Total Cholesterol/High Density Lipoprotein Ratio (TC/HDL ratio) Change
This variable will be estimated by the simple division of variables.
Time frame: Change from baseline TC/HDL at 10 weeks
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Peak Oxygen Consumption (VO2peak) Change
This outcome will be measure through maximal progressive treadmill test, using the portable gas analyser VO2000 equipment.
Time frame: Change from baseline VO2peak at 10 weeks
Oxygen Consumption at anaerobic threshold (VO2VT2) Change
This outcome will be measure through maximal progressive treadmill test, using the portable gas analyser VO2000 equipment.
Time frame: Change from baseline VO2VT2 at 10 weeks
Heart Rate at anaerobic threshold (HRVT2) Change
This outcome will be measure through maximal progressive treadmill test, using a heart rate monitor (POLAR, FT1).
Time frame: Change from baseline HRVT2 at 10 weeks
Rest Heart Rate (HRrest) Change
This outcome will be measure using a heart rate monitor (POLAR, FT1). The participants will remain seated in a quiet and controlled temperature room during 15 minutes prior to measurement of the heart rate.
Time frame: Change from baseline HRrest at 10 weeks
Lipoprotein Lipase (LPL) Change
This variable will be measured through blood collection after 12 hours fasting. The analysis will be performed using the LPL ELISA kit (Cell Biolabs). The results will be read in a microplate reader (ELISA).
Time frame: Change from baseline LPL at 10 weeks
Maximal dynamic muscle strength of knees extensors (MSKE) Change
This outcome will be measured through the one-repetition maximal test (1RM).
Time frame: Change from baseline MSKE at 10 weeks
Maximal dynamic muscle strength of knees flexors (MSKF) Change
This outcome will be measured through the one-repetition maximal test (1RM).
Time frame: Change from baseline MSKF at 10 weeks
Maximal dynamic muscle strength of horizontal shoulder flexors (MSHSF) Change
This outcome will be measured through the one-repetition maximal test (1RM).
Time frame: Change from baseline MSHSF at 10 weeks
Rest Cardiac Output (COrest) Change
This outcome will be measured through Impedance Cardiography (Physioflow Lab-1 equipment). The participants will remain seated in a quiet and controlled temperature room during 15 minutes prior to measurement of the cardiac output.
Time frame: Change from baseline COrest at 10 weeks
Rest Stroke Volume (SVrest) Change
This outcome will be measured through Impedance Cardiography (Physioflow Lab-1 equipment). The participants will remain seated in a quiet and controlled temperature room during 15 minutes prior to measurement of the stroke volume.
Time frame: Change from baseline SVrest at 10 weeks
Peak Cardiac Output (COpeak) Change
This outcome will be measured through Impedance Cardiography (Physioflow Lab-1 equipment), during a maximal progressive treadmill test.
Time frame: Change from baseline COpeak at 10 weeks
Peak Stroke Volume (SVpeak) Change
This outcome will be measured through Impedance Cardiography (Physioflow Lab-1 equipment), during a maximal progressive treadmill test.
Time frame: Change from baseline SVpeak at 10 weeks
Rest Arterial Systolic Blood Pressure (SBPrest) Change
This outcome will be measured through blood pressure ambulatory monitor (Meditech, ABPM-04). The participants will remain seated in a quiet and controlled temperature room during 15 minutes prior to measurement of the arterial systolic blood pressure.
Time frame: Change from baseline SBPrest at 10 weeks
Rest Arterial Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBPrest) Change
This outcome will be measured through blood pressure ambulatory monitor (Meditech, ABPM-04). The participants will remain seated in a quiet and controlled temperature room during 15 minutes prior to measurement of the arterial diastolic blood pressure.
Time frame: Change from baseline DBPrest at 10 weeks
Cardiovascular Risk Score (CRS) Change
The Reynolds Risk Score Instrument will be used to estimate the cardiovascular risk.
Time frame: Change from baseline cardiovascular risk score at 10 weeks
Quality of Life Change
The quality of life will be estimated using the Whoqol-Bref instrument.
Time frame: Change from baseline quality of life at 10 weeks