Predicting Rehabilitation Outcomes in Bilingual Aphasia Using Computational Modeling

Inclusion Criteria: * Any number of years of education * Bilingual: speaking both Spanish and English (or Chinese and English) with any degree of language proficiency prior to stroke * Aphasia secondary to a left-hemisphere stroke (diagnosed by a neurologist on the basis of clinical CT/MRI imaging or medical reports) * Aphasia resulting from stroke or dementia * Naming deficits must be present with concurrent lexical/semantic impairment * Visual and auditory acuity sufficient for all assessment and treatment procedures * Ability to understand study and follow study procedures for the entire length of the study Exclusion Criteria: * Premorbid history of speech/language disorder * Proficient in more than just Spanish and English (or Chinese and English) * Overt, behaviorally noticeable, attentional limitations that interfere with completing the experimental tasks * Active medical disease that may compromise participation (e.g., cancer undergoing acute treatment, unstable diabetes, renal or hepatic insufficiency, fluctuating systemic immunological disease such as systemic lupus erythematosis, etc.) * Currently taking medications that are known to exert significant effects on cognitive processes, such as neuroleptics, steroids, anticholinesterase inhibitors, etc. * Current drug or alcohol use or dependence that would interfere with adherence to study requirements, in the opinion of the principal investigator * Inability or unwillingness of individual to give written informed consent * Diagnosed with mental illness other than active depression * Neurological condition other than that which resulted in aphasia