To determine the effects of high cheese diets varying in carbohydrate content on markers of disease risk.
Summary of Proposed Research: This project will involve four controlled 4 wk feeding periods in individuals with metabolic syndrome (currently 1/3 of US adults). After a 2 wk run-in period, 20 subjects will be fed one of three diets in a randomized and balanced order: a typical American High-Carb diet high in cheese (6 oz/day), a High-Carb diet low in cheese (0 oz/day), or a Moderate-Carb, high-cheese diet (6 oz/day), Low-Carb, high cheese where cheese displaces an isocaloric amount of carbohydrate. There will be a 2 wk washout period separating trials during which subjects consume their normal diet. Specific menus will be designed for each feeding phase and all food will be prepared for subjects. Testing will occur at baseline and after each feeding period. Measures of cholesterol beyond standard LDL- and HDL-cholesterol will be done by examining lipoprotein particle size, apolipoproteins, and fatty acid composition \[i.e., accumulation of saturated fat in blood and tissues, palmitoleic acid (highly linked to cardiovascular disease), and detection of phytanic acid (a uniquely bioactive fatty acid in dairy fat)\]. Changes in whole body and regional fat, including measures of visceral fat and liver fat, will be examined non-invasively by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
OTHER
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
16
Participants will undertake a controlled feeding intervention. All food will be prepared and delivered to participants by research staff. Participants will be asked to exclusively eat what is provided to them in efforts to control any dietary effects.
Physical Activity and Education Services - PAES
Columbus, Ohio, United States
Change in Plasma Fatty Acid Composition and Lipoprotein Analysis
Blood analysis for Fatty Acid Composition and Lipoproteins will by conducted by Lipid Technologies and Quest Diagnostics, respectively.
Time frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 years.
Change in Body Composition as Assessed by DEXA and MRI
Participants will undergo both DEXA and MRI scans, conducted by trained professionals. DEXA will be used to determined subcutaneous adiposity. MRI post-imaging analyses will determine both hepatic and visceral fat content.
Time frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 years.
Change in Blood-based Inflammation Markers
Inflammatory biomarkers in the blood will be assessed using a Multiplex ELISA system. The inflammatory markers to be measured are: IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, IL-13 and TNF-α.
Time frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 years.
Change in Blood Metabolite Profiles
NMR spectroscopy (600 Mhz) will be used to obtain metabolic profiles of serum samples.
Time frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 years.
This platform is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional.