This study is a randomized controlled trial (RCT) with the aim of determining the cultural sensitivity, feasibility, and effectiveness of an expressive writing intervention for Chinese breast cancer survivors.
The study examines the potential health benefits (i.e., physical health, psychological health, and quality of life) of this expressive writing intervention for Chinese-speaking breast cancer survivors. The study also explores the mechanism through which expressive writing confers health benefits and investigates who will benefit most from the expressive writing intervention. Chinese-speaking breast cancer survivors who have completed primary treatment will be randomly assigned to a control writing condition, a self-regulation condition, or a enhanced self-regulation writing condition. Health outcomes are assessed at baseline, and 1, 3, and 6 months follow-ups. Mixed qualitative-quantitative mixed methods are used to explore the effect of the intervention on health outcomes and explore the mechanisms that explain the benefits of this intervention.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
SUPPORTIVE_CARE
Masking
TRIPLE
Enrollment
136
Herald Cancer Association
Los Angeles, California, United States
University of Houston
Houston, Texas, United States
Change in quality of life score as assessed by the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy Scale (FACT)
The Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy Scale (FACT) is a 27-item measure of health-related quality of life (Cella \& Tulsky,1993), which assesses perceived life quality in four different facets, including physical well-being (7 items,score range 0 - 28), social well-being (7 items, score range 0 - 28), emotional well-being (6 items, score range 0-24), and functional well-being (7 items, score range 0-28). A higher subscale score indicates better functioning in the corresponding domain. Total score is computed by summing up the scores of the four subscales. Total score ranges from 0 to 108. A higher score indicates better quality of life.
Time frame: Baseline, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months follow-ups after the intervention.
Change in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), as assessed by the PTSD Symptom Scale - Self Report version (PSS-SR)
The scale contains 17 items reflecting the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-Fourth Edition -Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR) symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (Foa, Riggs, Dancu, \& Rothbaum, 1993). Score can be reported in terms of total score or the score of the three subscales (Re-experiencing, Avoidance and Hyperarousal). The score ranges for the three sub-scales are: Re-experiencing symptoms (5 items, 0-15), Avoidance symptoms (7 items, 0 -21) and Hyperarousal symptoms (5 items, 0-15). Each subscale score is computed by summing up the scores of the corresponding items. For each subscale, a higher score indicates more severe symptoms. The total score is computed by summing up the scores of the three subscales. The total score ranges from 0 to 51. A higher score indicated more severe PTSD symptoms.
Time frame: Baseline, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months follow-ups after the intervention.
Change in fatigue as assessed by Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue Scale (FACIT-F)
The scale contains 13 items. Total score is computed by summing up the scores of all the 13 items. The total score ranges from 0 to 52. A higher score indicates more severe fatigue symptoms.
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Time frame: Baseline, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months follow-ups after the intervention.
Change in depressive symptoms as assessed by Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D).
The scale contains 10 items. Total score is computed by summing up the scores of all the 10 items. Total score ranges from 0 to 30. A higher scores indicates more severe depression symptoms.
Time frame: Baseline, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months follow-ups after the intervention.
Change in anxiety as assessed by Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI)-anxiety dimension
The scale contains 6 items. Total score is computed by summing up the scores of all the 6 items. Total score ranges from 0 - 24. A higher score indicates more severe anxiety symptoms.
Time frame: Baseline, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months follow-ups after the intervention.
Change in physical symptoms as assessed by the Physical Symptoms Checklist
The scale contains 10 items. Total score is computed by summing up the scores of all the 10 items. Total score ranges from 0 - 300. A higher score indicates more severe physical symptoms.
Time frame: Baseline, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months follow-ups after the intervention.