Meta-analysis of Soluble Fiber Consumption on Body Weight, Glycemia, and Insulinemia in Overweight and Obese Adults.

Inclusion Criteria: Peer-reviewed randomized controlled trials (RCTs) will be included in the systematic review and meta-analysis if they involve participants who are: 1. Overweight or obese (BMI ≥ 25.0 kg/m2 for U.S. populations and ≥ 23.0 kg/m2 for Asian populations and/or waist circumference ≥ 40 inches (94 cm) in men or ≥ 35 inches (80 cm) in women and/or waist-to-hip ratio ≥ 0.90 in men or ≥ 0.85 in women). 2. Weight stable and not actively trying to lose weight at screening. 3. Without physician-diagnosed chronic conditions at screening (e.g., dyslipidemia, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease). 4. Included studies will be soluble fiber supplementation interventions that are controlled feeding studies or conducted among free-living subjects that provide data for outcomes of interest. Exclusion Criteria: Studies will be excluded from the systematic review and meta-analysis if they meet any of the following criteria: 1. Studies conducted in animals. 2. Mechanistic research. 3. Human trials involving pregnant women, breastfeeding women, or children. 4. Conference proceedings. 5. Articles not published in English. 6. Studies less than 1 week in duration. 7. Studies that pool outcome measure data for healthy weight and overweight and obese individuals. 8. Studies involving whole food treatments or high fiber profile diets. 9. Weight loss interventions involving other tactics, such as counseling or energy restriction.