The Correlation Between Gut Microbiome/Metabolite and End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD)

For Healthy Subjects Inclusion Criteria: * Age over 18 years old * Liver and kidney function is normal * 18.5≤BMI≤29.9 * Agree to sign the informed consent form Exclusion Criteria: * Diagnosed as Metabolic syndrome * Diagnosed as Cirrhosis * Diagnosed as kidney disease * Taking fermented food (live lactic acid bacteria drinks, cheese, yogurt, probiotic products, etc.) within 14 days before the study * Taking antibiotics or antifungal drugs within 30 days before the study For ESRD patients Inclusion criteria: * Age over 18 years old * Patients who diagnosed as ESRD with hemodialysis * Fixed hemodialysis cycle (average 3 times a week) * Agree to sign the informed consent form Exclusion criteria: * Taking antibiotics or antifungal drugs within 30 days before the study * Taking fermented food (live lactic acid bacteria drinks, cheese, yogurt, probiotic products, etc.) within 14 days before the study * Reasercher are not sure whether the subjects are willing or able to complete the study * Subject participated in other research projects within two months before the study