This randomized phase II trial studies how well exercise intervention works in targeting adiposity and inflammation with movement to improve prognosis in stage I-III breast cancer survivors. Different types of exercise may reduce inflammation in fat tissue and minimize the risk of cancer recurrence related to being overweight or obese.
PRIMARY OBJECTIVES: I. To determine the effects of a 4-month circuit, interval-based aerobic and resistance exercise (CARE) intervention on obesity-associated chronic inflammation. SECONDARY OBJECTIVES: I. To determine the effects of a 4-month CARE intervention on sarcopenic obesity. TERTIARY OBJECTIVES: I. To determine the effects of a 4-month CARE intervention on breast cancer prognosis and assess whether reductions in chronic inflammation are associated with breast cancer prognosis. OUTLINE: Patients are randomized to 1 of 3 groups. GROUP I: Patients undergo supervised CARE program over 50 minutes comprising of warm up over 5 minutes, moderate to vigorous aerobic and resistance exercises over 40 minutes, and cool down over 5 minutes 3 days per week for 16 weeks. GROUP II: Patients undergo supervised traditional aerobic and resistance exercise (TARE) program over 80 minutes comprising of warm up over 5 minutes, aerobic exercise over 15 minutes, resistance exercise over 55 minutes, and cool down over 5 minutes 3 days per week for 16 weeks. GROUP III: Patients undergo home-based stretching program comprising of one set of 3-4 static stretching exercises held for 30 seconds 3 days per week for 16 weeks. Patients receive instructional digital video disc (DVD) and booklet of the flexibility exercises. Patients also complete a weekly activity log. After completion of the stretching program, patients may optionally undergo the CARE program as in group I. After completion of study, patients are followed up at week 34, 8 and 12 months, and then every year for 8 years.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
SUPPORTIVE_CARE
Masking
NONE
Undergo supervised CARE program
Undergo supervised TARE program
Undergo home-based stretching program
Receive instructional DVD and booklet of the flexibility exercises
Correlative studies
Ancillary studies
Ancillary studies
USC / Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center
Los Angeles, California, United States
Reduction of adipose tissue inflammation assessed by measuring M1 and M2 adipose tissue macrophages, crown-like structures, and adipose tissue secretion levels of inflammatory cytokines secreted
Analyses for each of the continuous outcomes will involve mixed effects linear regression models, to incorporate the repeatedly measured outcomes. Dependent variables will be the 2- and 4-month measurements of trial outcomes assessed during and at the end of the intervention period. Independent variables will include two indicator variables for treatment group (TARE, attention control) relative to CARE, the baseline value of the outcome, and an indicator variable for measurement time (2-month/4-month). The treatment group effect (2 degrees of freedom) will test for differences in TARE and/or attention control, relative to CARE on the 2- and 4-month outcomes.
Time frame: Up to 16 weeks
Distant DFS defined as events that are either lethal (death from any cause) or a direct threat to patient survival (distant recurrence or second primary invasive cancer)
Kaplan-Meier estimates and log-rank tests will be used to estimate and initially test cumulative survival probabilities by treatment group. Cox proportional hazards models will be used to compare treatment groups (with 2 indicator variables for treatment group).
Time frame: Up to 8 years
Overall survival
Kaplan-Meier estimates and log-rank tests will be used to estimate and initially test cumulative survival probabilities by treatment group. Cox proportional hazards models will be used to compare treatment groups (with 2 indicator variables for treatment group).
Time frame: From randomization to death from any cause, assessed up to 8 years
Recurrence-free interval defined as events directly attributable to the original breast cancer including invasive ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence; local, regional or distant recurrence; and death from breast cancer
A competing risks analysis will be conducted, with death modeled as a competing event, using the Fine-Gray proportional hazards model. Analyses will be presented unadjusted, as well as adjusted for prognostic variables (age, estrogen receptor (ER)/HER2 status, tumor size, presence/number of positive nodes, and surgery (mastectomy vs. breast-sparing).
Time frame: Up to 8 years
Sarcopenic obesity assessed using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry
Analyses for each of the continuous outcomes will involve mixed effects linear regression models, to incorporate the repeatedly measured outcomes. Dependent variables will be the 2- and 4-month measurements of trial outcomes assessed during and at the end of the intervention period. Independent variables will include two indicator variables for treatment group (TARE, attention control) relative to CARE, the baseline value of the outcome, and an indicator variable for measurement time (2-month/4-month). The treatment group effect (2 degrees of freedom) will test for differences in TARE and/or attention control, relative to CARE on the 2- and 4-month outcomes.
Time frame: Up to 8 months
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