All participants exercised during 16 weeks following a conventional intradialysis exercise program. The last 4 weeks of the study participants were randomized into two different exercise programs intradialysis. One group exercised through a virtual reality exercise adapted specially for patients while receiving hemodialysis treatment. The other group exercised with a conventional exercise program, combining aerobic cycling and strengthening exercises.
The first 16 weeks all participants followed an intradialysis exercise program. The exercise program consisted of strengthening exercises for lower limbs and for the upper limb free of fistula. The exercise program included isotonic exercises for quadriceps, triceps surae, psoas, glutei, and brachial biceps; and isometric exercises for hip adductors and hamstrings. Elastic bands were used to apply resistance. Progression was achieved from increasing from 1 set of 10 repetitions until 3 sets of 15 repetitions. This first part lasted no more than 30 minutes. The program also included aerobic exercise (cycling) for up to 30 minutes. Intensity was adapted through the duration of the study so that the participant felt the exercise from hard to somewhat hard (13 to 15 at the rate of perceived exertion 6 to 20). Time and resistance were adapted progressively. The last four weeks of the program participants were randomized into virtual reality exercise or conventional exercise group. The virtual reality exercise group undertook 30 minutes of exercise. After warming up, participants had to play to an adapted 'treasure hunt' game. Their legs movements were the players projected into an individual tv that gave them feedback regarding their achievements. The aim of the game was to achieve the higher possible score.They moved to pick up coins and to avoid bombs. An adapted Kinect technology was used for the game development.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
SINGLE
Enrollment
18
Game developed by the Kinect, adapted to the lying position of participants.
Aerobic exercise (cycling) and strengthening exercise for lower limbs using elastic bands and gravity
Hospital de Manises
Manises, Valencia, Spain
Sit to Stand to Sit test 10
Time required to stand up from a chair and sit down 10 consecutive times
Time frame: 20 weeks
Short Physical Performance Battery
Balance, gait speed and sit to stand to sit 5 times
Time frame: 20 weeks
Timed Up and Go
Time to stand up, walk a short distance, turn, walk back and sit down to the chair again
Time frame: 20 weeks
One leg stand test
Time to keep balance on one leg
Time frame: 20 weeks
Sit to Stand to Sit test 60 seconds
Number of repetitions achieved of standing up from a chair during 60 seconds
Time frame: 20 weeks
Handgrip
Handgrip strength right and left hands
Time frame: 20 weeks
One leg heel rise test
Number of repetitions of standing on toes in both legs
Time frame: 20 weeks
6 minutes walk test
Number of meters covered during 6 minutes of walking
Time frame: 20 weeks
Adherence
Sessions performed/offered
Time frame: 20 weeks
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Physical Activity
Human activity profile, adjusted and maximal activity score
Time frame: 16 weeks
Physical Activity
Physical activity score for the elderly
Time frame: 16 weeks
Inflammatory markers
Interleukin 6 (IL6)
Time frame: 16 weeks
Inflammatory markers
Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1)
Time frame: 16 weeks
Inflammatory markers
C-Reactive Protein (CRP)
Time frame: 16 weeks
Inflammatory markers
Human Tumor Necrosis Factor α (TNF-α)
Time frame: 16 weeks
Health-related quality of life
SF-36 subscales and components
Time frame: 16 weeks
Oxidative stress markers
Malondialdehyde (MDA)
Time frame: 16 weeks
Oxidative stress markers
Carbonylated proteins
Time frame: 16 weeks