Aripiprazole Once-monthly Versus Daily Oral Atypical Antipsychotic Treatment in Patients With Recent-onset Schizophrenia

Inclusion Criteria: 1. Adult patients between ≥18 and ≤35 years of age 2. Diagnosis of schizophrenia confirmed by the current investigator. 3. Initiation of maintenance treatment with AOM (at least one injection) or with daily oral atypical AP before the study start at the site and up to a maximum of 6 months after the launch of AOM in the country, during an inpatient stay due to an acute schizophrenia episode or during the immediate three months after hospital discharge, and prescribed in the usual manner in accordance with the terms of the marketing authorisation.\* Patients treated in the daycare hospital will be considered: * Eligible to be included, if the patient was admitted in the hospital (full time inpatient stay) for an acute psychotic episode and then discharged to a day care hospital in order to achieve stabilization and initiate maintenance antipsychotic treatment. The initiation of the maintenance antipsychotic treatment (index date) must occur before discharge from day care hospital or during the immediate following three months after discharge. * NOT eligible, if the patient was treated exclusively in the day care hospital since the first day (i.e. not spending any night at all in the hospital) as these patients are very likely to be subacutely psychotic. * The date of initiation of maintenance therapy will be considered the index date. For AOM, it is the date of the first injection. For the oral AP, this date is defined by the physician when patients are believed to be stable enough to be considered "in maintenance treatment". 4. Willingness to participate in the study; subjects must give their written consent to participate unless: they have discontinued treatment or have finished the 12 months follow up period before study inclusion (retrospective assessment only) and a) written consent not required by local regulations, or b) it would take a non-reasonable effort† or c) the source patient is deceased or untraceable. * A reasonable effort is defined as 3 contact attempts separated by 3 weeks. All efforts to obtain the informed consent, reasonable or not, shall be registered in the medical history of the patient to be used as documental source. If allowable by local regulations/Ethics Committees, provision of oral (e.g., by phone) instead of written consent is also possible for patients with retrospective assessment only. Exclusion Criteria: 1. The patient has a psychiatric disorder other than schizophrenia which is established as the primary diagnosis 2. Chronically hospitalized patients (defined as more than 3 months). 3. Participation in an interventional clinical trial since AOM or daily oral atypical AP were initiated as maintenance treatment or within the previous 6 months to this initiation.