Immunomodulatory Effects of IVIg on Pregnancy Rate of Patient With Recurrent Implantation Failure

Overview

Infertility and miscarriage ordinary events in reproductive failure in humans, as are affected one couple in every six couples of reproductive age and abortion is including in approximately 15-20% of all pregnancies. Over the decades since the beginning of Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) and in vitro fertilization (IVF) pregnancy rate still remains below 30% and Recurrent Implantation Failure in one of the most important limiting factor is the assisted reproductive techniques. According to studies conducted in recent years one of the most important mechanisms of implantation failure is maternal immune system because the fetus as an allograft toxic (Semi allograft) to the mother. Studies have demonstrated that ratio of Th1 to Th2 cells increase in maternal peripheral blood cells can be directly associated with implantation failure. It also increases the number of natural killer (NK) cells and Th17 cells and their cytokines in peripheral blood of mother and is also associated with an increased risk of infertility. Several studies have also shown that the fertile persons in compare to infertile have increased amount of Treg cells and inhibitory cytokines associated with it. The studies have shown that if patients are properly selected RIF and placed under appropriate immunotherapy approaches it will be seen a significant increase in fertility. In previous years, followed by the production of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) and determine its effect on immune suppression, IVIg uses for the treatment of various diseases such as thrombocytopenic purpura, Guillain-Barre syndrome, Kawasaki disease and Myasthenia gravis. It is also valuable drug for the treatment of patients with infertility problems have also been used but still remains how well the drug and its mechanism of action are unknown. Probably one of the mechanisms of IVIg is its effect in suppressing the activity of NK cells. Likely IVIg cause to increase Cluster of Differentiation 94 (CD94) molecule as an inhibitor molecule on the NK cells and reduced the cytotoxic activity of NK cells. So because of reduce the cytotoxic activity of NK cells by IVIg in patients with RIF injection increases the likelihood of successful implantation. Previous studies have shown that the incidence of genetic abnormalities in children who have received immunosuppressive drugs such as IVIg like normal people and normal society. In this study we used IVIg before IVF to suppress the immune system in patients with immunological causes of RIF and the results will be compared with a control group that did not receive any type of drug.