Intralesional Measles, Mumps, Rubella (MMR) Vaccine Versus Cryotherapy in Treatment of Multiple Common and Planter Warts

Overview

Warts are benign epidermal tumors caused by human papilloma virus, which are epitheliotropic non-enveloped double stranded DNA viruses. Transmission of warts occurs from direct person-to-person contact or indirectly by fomites . Warts appear in various forms including verruca vulgaris, plane, plantar, filiform, digitate and periungual.

Treatment of warts is difficult for patients and physicians . Currently Available treatment options include cryosurgery, laser, electrosurgery, bleomycin, and topical keratolytic applications; many of them are painful, ineffective, costly and prone for recurrences. Cryotherapy, which uses liquid nitrogen to freeze tissues and destroy warts, is one of the most common and effective treatments. freezing causes local irritation, leading the host to mount an immune reaction against the virus. Immunotherapy appears to enhance virus recognition by immune system; allowing clearance of treated wart, distant warts , and helps to prevent infection .Recently, intralesional immunotherapy using different antigens such as mumps, Candida, and tuberculin has been proved effective in the treatment of warts. The exact mechanism of action of intralesional immunotherapy is still obscure. Intralesional antigen injection probably induces strong non specific inflammatory response against the human papilloma virus-infected cells. It has been suggested that intralesional measles mumps rubella vaccine results in regression of warts via induction of immune system.

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