There is a relationship between depression and periodontal disease. This relationship may be double-sided. A psychological state such as anxiety, depression, body image, and self-esteem may be affected from the symptoms of periodontal disease.
Background: Depression is a multi-factorial disease characterized by a variety of symptoms. Psychiatric disorders seem to be more prone to periodontitis compared to patients without psychiatric disorders. However periodontal disease and depression can be considered bidirectional risk factors. Periodontal disease can also be an effect on depression. The aim of this randomized controlled clinical study is to determine the effect of non-surgical mechanical periodontal treatment on psychological state. Material and methods: The study population consisted of 184 depressed patients with non-treated periodontal diseases. Two randomized group is formed from these patients. Immediately periodontal treatment (test group, n = 92) and delayed periodontal treatment (control group, n = 92). Clinical periodontal and psychological measures were performed at baseline and 6th weeks on control and test group.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
QUADRUPLE
Enrollment
184
Four questionnaire tests for depression, body image, self-esteem, and anxiety was performed baseline and after 6 weeks.
Gaziosmanpasa University
Tokat Province, Turkey (Türkiye)
Depression level
The changes in depression level within 6 weeks. Depression level was determined using the Beck Depression Inventory.
Time frame: Baseline and after 6 weeks
Body image level
The changes in body image level within 6 weeks. Body image level was determined using the Body Cathexis Scale.
Time frame: Baseline and after 6 weeks
Anxiety level
The changes in anxiety level within 6 weeks. Anxiety level was determined using the Beck Anxiety Inventory.
Time frame: Baseline and after 6 weeks
Self-esteem level
The changes in self-esteem level within 6 weeks. Self-esteem level was determined using the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale.
Time frame: Baseline and after 6 weeks
Probing pocket depth
The changes in probing pocket depth after periodontal treatment.Probing pocket depth was measured for determining severity of disease and clinic outcome.
Time frame: Baseline and after 6 weeks
Clinical attachment level
The changes in clinical attachment level after periodontal treatment. Clinical attachment level was measured for determining severity of disease and clinic outcome.
Time frame: Baseline and after 6 weeks
Gingival index
The changes in gingival index level after periodontal treatment. Clinical attachment level was measured for determining severity of disease and clinic outcome.
Time frame: Baseline and after 6 weeks
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Plaque index
The changes in plaque index after periodontal treatment. Plaque index was recorded for determining and classifying oral hygiene status.
Time frame: Baseline and after 6 weeks
Bleeding on probing
The changes in bleeding on probing after periodontal treatment. Bleeding on probing was recorded for classifying and evaluating (apically) gingival inflammation.
Time frame: Baseline and after 6 weeks