Ketamine and dexamethasone have been known to be effective postoperative pain. Many studies also have reported these two drugs might change mood such as depression. This study aimed to investigate the effect of each drug individually with their combination on perioperative change of mood in patients undergoing gynecologic surgery
After receiving by IRB approval and obtaining informed consent from patients, 93 patients who are aged between 18 and 70 years old and classified as American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classes I and II. Afterward, the patients will be randomly (sealed envelopes) allocated into one of three treatment; Group K (n = 31) will receive a single dose of ketamine 0.5 mg/kg i.v. plus 2 ml normal saline, Group D (n = 31) receive dexamethasone 0.5 mg/kg i.v. and a maximum dose of 8 mg plus 2 ml saline, and Group KD (n = 31) receive ketamine 0.5 mg/kg i.v. and dexamethasone 0.5 mg/kg i.v. at 5 minutes after the induction of anesthesia in a double-blinded method.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
QUADRUPLE
Enrollment
93
After receiving by IRB approval and obtaining informed consent from patients, 93 patients who were aged between 18 and 70 years old and classified as American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classes I and II. Afterward, the patients are randomly (sealed envelopes) allocated into one of three treatment; Group K (n = 31) receives a single dose of ketamine 0.5 mg/kg i.v. plus 2 ml normal saline, Group D (n = 31) receives dexamethasone 0.5 mg/kg i.v. and a maximum dose of 8 mg plus 2 ml saline, and Group KD (n = 31) receiveds ketamine 0.5 mg/kg i.v. and dexamethasone 0.5 mg/kg i.v. at 5 minutes after the induction of anesthesia in a double-blinded method.
WonwangUH
Iksan, Jeollabuk-do, South Korea
The change of patient health questionnaire (PHQ)-9 scores
Anesthesiologist performed the assessment of perioperative depressed mood change with use of Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). The PHQ-9 is the depression module, which scores each of the nine DSM-IV criteria as "0" (not at all) to "3" (nearly every day) with a total score ranging from 0 to 27; 0-4 none, 5-9 mild, 10-14 moderate, 15-19 moderately severe, 20-27 severe depressed mood
Time frame: at the 1st day after surgery
postoperative visual analog scale (VAS) for pain
The VAS consisted of a straight line with the left end of the line representing no pain and the right end of the line representing the worst pain. Patients were asked to mark the position on the line corresponding to their perception of pain. The VAS score for pain was measured with intervals of 1, 6, 24, and 48 hours after surgery.
Time frame: for 48 h after surgery
patient controlled analgesia (PCA) consumption
Each patient was administered analgesics using a PCA pump containing morphine (60 mg), ketorolac (150 mg), and ramosetron (0.6 mg) in a total volume of 100 ml of saline. This device was set to deliver a basal infusion of 2 ml/hr and bolus doses of 0.5 ml with a 15 min lockout period.
Time frame: for 24 h after surgery
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