Management of Platelet Transfusion Therapy in Patients With Blood Cancer or Treatment-Induced Thrombocytopenia

Inclusion Criteria: * Any patient with non-acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) acute leukemia (acute myeloid leukemia \[AML\], acute lymphoblastic leukemia \[ALL\], biphenotypic leukemia) undergoing curative intent chemotherapy OR any patient undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) for a hematologic disorder (including acute leukemia as above, chronic myelogenous leukemia \[CML\], chronic lymphocytic leukemia \[CLL\], myelodysplastic syndrome \[MDS\], primary or secondary myelofibrosis, hypereosinophilic syndromes, plasma cell disorders, B-cell or T-cell lymphoma) * Disease may be measurable or non-measurable * Diagnosis of symptomatic venous thromboembolism requiring therapeutic-dose anticoagulation (unfractionated or low-molecular weight heparin or oral anticoagulants) throughout the period of hematopoietic recovery * Anticipated platelet count =\< 50 x 10\^9/L for \>= 5 days within 72 hours of enrollment * Ability to understand and the willingness to sign a written informed consent document Exclusion Criteria: * Separate episode of VTE or arterial thrombosis within 3 months of enrollment * Major bleed (WHO grade 3 or 4) within 6 months of enrollment * Active bleeding (grade 2 or higher) at the time of enrollment * History of intracranial bleeding at any time * Disorders of hemostasis including von Willebrand disease, hemophilia, platelet function disorders * Concomitant use of aspirin or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs * Evidence of disseminated intravascular anticoagulation (DIC) as determined by the patient's primary provider * History of alloimmunization (defined as platelet refractoriness with panel reactive antibody \[PRA\] \> 25%) at the time of or prior to enrollment * Uncontrolled or concurrent illness including, but not limited to, ongoing or active infection, unstable angina pectoris * Psychiatric illness/social situations that would limit compliance with study requirements * Pregnant or able to become pregnant and unwilling to use two forms of birth control during the study period