To analyze the effects of a Pilates exercise program on obesity, sarcopenic, risk of falls and health in Spanish postmenopausal women.
This is a randomized clinical trial of single-blind with 2 arms (Control group and experimental group), in which a pre-treatment-postest design has been used. The study will define two groups: * A control group (CG) that will not be submitted to treatment, which will be evaluated in the pre and post phase of the study. Participants assigned to this group will receive general advice on the positive effects of regular physical activity and will be given a guide to recommendations for promoting physical activity. * An experimental group (GE) that after an initial evaluation will undergo a physical training program based on Pilates exercises. Once the intervention is finished, it will be submitted to a final evaluation to see if there is a difference or not with the results obtained at the beginning.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
TRIPLE
Enrollment
107
Training based on a basic level Pilates exercise program will be as follows: A duration of weeks with a frequency of 2 sessions a week and with a duration of 55 minutes each. The exercises to be performed will be divided into three distinct phases: warm-up, lasting 15 minutes; Main part with a duration of 30 minutes and the return to calm, based mostly on stretching and with a duration of 10 minutes. The repetitions of the exercises will be between 5 and 10 according to the difficulty.
Center of active participation of seniors of Jaén "Catedral"
Jaén, Spain
Dynamometer
Dynamometer will be employed to assess hand grip stregth.
Time frame: At the beginning and at three months
ABC-16 (Activities Specific Balance Confidence Scale)
Questionnaire that assesses balance confidence in performing activities of daily living.
Time frame: At the beginning and at three months
FES-I (Falls Efficacy Scale-International)
Questionnaire that evaluates the fear of falling.
Time frame: At the beginning and at three months
Barthel index
Measures disability or dependence in activities of daily living
Time frame: At the beginning and at three months
KATZ INDEX
Is a widely used tool to assess the level of independency in older adults.
Time frame: At the beginning and at three months
FSS (Fatigue Severity Scale)
A self-report scale describing the severity of fatigue and the impact of fatigue on activities of daily living.
Time frame: At the beginning and at three months
PSQI (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index)
A simple and valid assessment of both sleep quality and disturbance that might affect sleep quality.
Time frame: At the beginning and at three months
HADS (The Hospital Anxiety And Depression)
A reliable, valid and practical screening tool for identifying and quantifying anxiety and/or depression in non- patients.
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Time frame: At the beginning and at three months
SF-36 (The Short Form-36 Health Survey)
Used extensively for assessing health-related quality of life.
Time frame: At the beginning and at three months
MRS (Menopause Rating Scale):
Assesses the severity of menopause-related complaints and the impact on health-related quality of life.
Time frame: At the beginning and at three months
FSFI (Female Sexual Function Index)
Is a brief questionnaire that evaluates sexual functioning in women.
Time frame: At the beginning and at three months
INBODY
Valid and reliable tool to quantify and measure the 4 major components of body composition: Water, Protein, Minerals and Fat.
Time frame: At the beginning and at three months
Bone Mineral Content (BMC)
Is mineral mass in bone.
Time frame: At the beginning and at three months
Body Weight
Is the sum of Body Fat and Fat Free Mass.
Time frame: At the beginning and at three months
Skeletal Muscle Mass (kg)
Is computed based on muscle mass of the limbs, which is almost composed of skeletal muscle and takes up about 70% of total body skeletal muscle
Time frame: At the beginning and at three months
Lean Body Mass
The amount of lean body mass.
Time frame: At the beginning and at three months
Body Fat Mass
The standard range of Body Fat Mass is ascertained by calculating an examinee Body Fat Mass as compared to the standard weight and standard Body Fat Mass.
Time frame: At the beginning and at three months
Percent of Body Fat (%)
Indicates the percentage of body fat to body weight.
Time frame: At the beginning and at three months
BMI (Body Mass Index)
Is calculated from the formula, Weight (kg) / Height2 (m2), whose unit is kg/m2. It is a rough indicator of total body fat.
Time frame: At the beginning and at three months
Segmental Analysis
Is the technology that assumes the body as five cylinders of four limbs and trunk and measures the impedance of these parts separately. Segmental body composition analysis provides segmental measurement of body water, muscle mass, and fat free mass.
Time frame: At the beginning and at three months
OPTOGAIT
Is an innovative system for movement analysis and functional assessment of patients with normal or pathological conditions. REACTION TEST: This test detects the time between one optical/acoustic impulse and the patient's movement. It can be used to measure simple reactions or more complex movements
Time frame: At the beginning and at three months
TUG (Timed Up and Go test)
Is a simple test used to assess a person's mobility and physical function
Time frame: At the beginning and at three months
CT10P
Test that evaluates the balance by walking along a straight line.
Time frame: At the beginning and at three months
STABILOMETRIC PLATFORM
Instrument composed of resistive pressure sensors, used to measure the static or postural balance. The test was performed under both eyes-open and eyes-closed conditions.
Time frame: At the beginning and at three months
X mean
Mean value of the lateral oscillations of the Pressure Center
Time frame: At the beginning and at three months
Y mean
Mean value of the anteroposterior oscillations of the Pressure Center
Time frame: At the beginning and at three months
RMS X
Mean position of the center of pressure in the mediolateral plane.
Time frame: At the beginning and at three months
RMS Y
Mean position of the center of pressure in the anteroposterior plane
Time frame: At the beginning and at three months
Length
Length of the path described by the center of pressure.
Time frame: At the beginning and at three months
Area
Area of the path described by the center of pressure.
Time frame: At the beginning and at three months
Velocity
Is an estimate of the average velocity of displacement of the center of pressures of the subject during the whole test.
Time frame: At the beginning and at three months
Isaac test
Questionnaire that measures verbal fluency.
Time frame: At the beginning and at three months
trail making test part a y b
Neuropsychological test of visual attention and task switching.
Time frame: At the beginning and at three months
mmse (mini-mental state examination)
A tool that can be used to systematically and thoroughly assess mental status.
Time frame: At the beginning and at three months
chair sit and reach test
To test low back and hamstring flexibility.
Time frame: At the beginning and at three months
back scratch test
To measure general shoulder range of motion.
Time frame: At the beginning and at three months
30-second chair stand test
To test leg strength and endurance.
Time frame: At the beginning and at three months
height
The distance between the lowest and highest points of a person standing upright.
Time frame: At the beginning and at three months
waist circumference
Is used to assess central fat distribution and degree of abdominal obesity.
Time frame: At the beginning and at three months
hip circumference
It is the greatest circumference of hip
Time frame: At the beginning and at three months
waist-to-hip ratio
Is the dimensionless ratio of the circumference of the waist to that of the hips. This is calculated as waist measurement divided by hip measurement.
Time frame: At the beginning and at three months