Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation Cycling

Inclusion Criteria: 1. diagnosis of ischemic brain injury or intracerebral hemorrhage shown by magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography after the onset of stroke; 2. sufficient cognition to follow simple instructions as well as understand the content and purpose of the study; 3. significant gait deficit (Functional Ambulatory Category, FAC, scale \<4 \[person cannot walk independently\]). Exclusion Criteria: 1. any additional medical or psychological condition that would affect their ability to comply with the study protocol, e.g., a significant orthopedic or chronic pain condition, major post-stroke depression; 2. severe hip, knee or ankle contracture that would preclude passive range of motion of the leg; 3. implanted cardiac device (e.g. pacemaker and internal defibrillator).