Herbal Medication (Gongjin-dan) for Chronic Dizziness

Inclusion Criteria: 1. Age between 20 and 79 years, of either sex 2. Dizziness originating from Ménière disease, psychogenic cause, or unknown cause 3. Recurring symptom of dizziness for more than 1 month 4. Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) score ≥ 24 at baseline 5. Liver-deficiency pattern/syndrome identified by Traditional Korean Medicine doctors 6. Willingness to provide written informed consent Exclusion Criteria: 1. Dizziness attributable to vestibular disorders (e.g., benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, peripheral vestibulopathy, labyrinthitis, vestibular neuronitis, and others) 2. Dizziness attributable to central nervous system (CNS) disorders (e.g., cerebellar ataxia, stroke, demyelination, vertebrobasilar insufficiency, seizure, increased intracranial pressure, Parkinson's disease, migraines, and others) 3. Cervicogenic dizziness 4. Dizziness attributable to cardiovascular disorders (e.g., arrhythmia, heart valvular disease, anemia, orthostatic hypotension, coronary artery disease, and others) 5. Any active or uncontrolled disease that might cause dizziness (e.g., uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, hypertension, respiratory or endocrinological disorders, and others) 6. Dizziness attributable to medication side effects 7. Severe chronic or terminal diseases (malignant cancer, tuberculosis, and others) 8. Intake of other antivertiginous drugs that cannot be discontinued 9. Following physiotherapy, manual therapy (e.g., vestibular rehabilitation), and/or cognitive behavioral therapy for the treatment of dizziness 10. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), or creatinine \> 3 × upper limit of normal range at baseline 11. Women of (suspected) pregnancy or breast-feeding 12. Allergic reactions to the study medications 13. Suspicion of alcohol and/or drug abuse 14. Enrollment in another clinical study presently or within 30 days prior to the initial administration of the study medications 15. Difficulty in reliably communicating with the investigators or likelihood of inability to follow instructions 16. Other reason for ineligibility of participation